沥青搅拌设备油改气技术应用研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 21:05

【摘要】：为解决日益突出的环境问题,国家和各地政府陆续出台了一系列的法律、法规,对污染物排放总量进行了严格的限制。而沥青搅拌设备作为公路建设事业的重要组成部分,其工作过程中对周边环境造成了较大的污染,主要表现为粉尘污染、烟气污染、噪声污染等。本文结合当今严峻环境形势和沥青搅拌设备工作特点,针对沥青搅拌设备高污染物排放的问题,从环保的角度出发,提出在沥青搅拌设备上应用油改气技术,力求能有效控制沥青搅拌设备的污染物排放,为其环境治理提供有利依据。本文先从理论角度,分析了天然气和重油的燃烧特点,并对燃油和燃气工况下的燃烧系统工艺流程进行了对比分析,着重对沥青搅拌设备油改气的燃烧排放进行理论计算。然后,基于沥青搅拌设备的工作条件,对重油和天然气两种工况下的燃烧进行仿真,探究沥青搅拌设备油改气后的排放情况。最后依托十天高速三标段的玛连尼4000型沥青搅拌设备,在理论和仿真的基础上进行现场试验,完成了燃料消耗率、燃烧充分性和稳定性、温度稳定性和有害气体排放试验。通过以上研究表明,油改气后对沥青搅拌设备性能的影响显著,主要表现为:燃料消耗率降低,也就是说加热1吨热骨料燃气成本比燃油降低了7.6%;燃气工况下的热骨料和成品料的温度稳定性都高于燃油工况;天然气的燃烧稳定性和燃烧充分性均优于重油的。沥青搅拌设备油改气对环境影响显著,主要表现为:燃油工况的噪声高于燃气,但差距很小;使用天然气作为燃料时,与重油相比,有害气体排放得到有效改善。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the increasingly prominent environmental problems, the state and local governments have issued a series of laws and regulations one after another to strictly limit the total amount of pollutants discharged. As an important part of highway construction, asphalt mixing equipment has caused great pollution to the surrounding environment in its working process, mainly manifested in dust pollution, flue gas pollution, noise pollution and so on. According to the severe environmental situation and the working characteristics of asphalt mixing equipment, this paper, in view of the problem of high pollutant emission from asphalt mixing equipment, puts forward the application of oil to gas technology in asphalt mixing equipment from the point of view of environmental protection. It can effectively control the pollutant emission of asphalt mixing equipment and provide a favorable basis for its environmental treatment. In this paper, the combustion characteristics of natural gas and heavy oil are analyzed from the theoretical point of view, and the process flow of the combustion system under the condition of fuel and gas is compared and analyzed, with emphasis on the theoretical calculation of the combustion emissions from oil to gas in asphalt mixing equipment. Then, based on the working conditions of asphalt mixing equipment, the combustion of heavy oil and natural gas is simulated, and the emission of oil in asphalt mixing equipment is investigated. Finally, based on the ten days high speed and three standard asphalt mixing equipment, the field test was carried out on the basis of theory and simulation, and the fuel consumption rate, combustion adequacy and stability, temperature stability and harmful gas emission test were completed. Through the above research, it is shown that the effect of oil on the performance of asphalt mixing equipment is significant, mainly as follows: the fuel consumption rate is reduced, That is to say, the cost of heating 1 ton hot aggregate gas is 7.6 lower than that of fuel oil; the temperature stability of hot aggregate and finished product is higher than that of fuel oil; the combustion stability and combustion adequacy of natural gas are better than those of heavy oil. The effect of oil modification on the environment is significant, mainly as follows: the noise of fuel oil is higher than that of gas, but the difference is very small; when natural gas is used as fuel, the harmful gas emission is improved effectively compared with heavy oil.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U415.522

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