重载货车影响下的高速公路收费站通行能力改善措施研究
发布时间：2018-08-05 13:39
【摘要】：近年来,随着我国货运事业的发展及高速公路建设速度的加快,高速公路运输已成为道路运输的重要组成部分,货运车辆在交通组成中所占比例不断增加,比如,天津市境内高速公路网交通量的统计分析显示,在所有交通组成中,载重货车总数逐年增加,其中一年的分析结果显示载重15吨以上的大型货车比例更是超过了货车总数的60%,加之我国高速公路对载重货车采用的是计重收费的收费标准,货运部门为降低运输成本、提高运输收益,载重货车的大型化和重型化日益明显。此外,与发达国家相比,我国载重货车在总交通组成中比重较大,车辆类型繁杂,各车型的尺寸及动力性能等差异较大,且超载现象严重,载重货车对交通流的正常运行干扰较大,从而降低了高速公路收费站的通行能力。本文分析高速公路收费站通行能力,介绍了高速公路收费站的基本问题以及收费站附近的交通行为。货车对高速公路收费站通行能力影响分析,分析了载货车辆的运行模式,尤其是载货车辆在收费站处计重收费车道的运行模式。提出通过设置强制分流设施及各种辅助设施(包括指示标志、强制减速设施、速度反馈标志),将小型车和大货车强制分流,提高收费站的使用效率。最后提出了提高重载交通占有率较大路段收费站通行能力的改善措施,提出实行货车计重ETC收费车道提高收费站通行能力,介绍货车计重ETC前期实施技术,对实行货车计重ETC收费站通行能力影响进行仿真分析。应用VISSIM软件对本文提出的高速公路收费站通行能力改善措施进行仿真验证。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of China's freight industry and the acceleration of highway construction, highway transportation has become an important part of road transportation, and the proportion of freight vehicles in the traffic composition has been increasing, such as, Statistical analysis of the traffic volume of the highway network in Tianjin shows that the total number of heavy trucks has increased year by year in all traffic components. The results of one year's analysis show that the proportion of large trucks with a load of more than 15 tons exceeds 60% of the total number of trucks. In addition, the highway in our country adopts a charge standard for heavy trucks, so the freight transport department aims to reduce transportation costs. Increase transportation income, load truck's large-scale and heavy-duty become more and more obvious. In addition, compared with the developed countries, the proportion of heavy trucks in the total traffic composition in China is larger, the types of vehicles are complicated, the size and dynamic performance of each type of vehicles vary greatly, and the phenomenon of overloading is serious. The heavy truck interferes with the normal operation of traffic flow, which reduces the capacity of toll station. This paper analyzes the capacity of expressway toll station, introduces the basic problems of expressway toll station and the traffic behavior near the toll station. This paper analyzes the influence of freight cars on the capacity of highway toll stations and analyzes the operation mode of cargo vehicles, especially the operation mode of load charging lanes at toll stations. It is put forward that small cars and large trucks can be forced to be separated by setting up mandatory diversion facilities and various auxiliary facilities (including indication signs, forced deceleration facilities and speed feedback signs), so as to improve the efficiency of the use of toll stations. Finally, the paper puts forward some measures to improve the capacity of toll station in heavy haul traffic section with large traffic share, puts forward the implementation of ETC toll lane for truck weighing to improve the capacity of toll station, and introduces the pre-implementation technology of ETC for truck weight measurement. The influence of carrying out ETC toll station on freight car capacity is simulated and analyzed. By using VISSIM software, the paper simulates the improvement measures of toll collection station capacity proposed in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of China's freight industry and the acceleration of highway construction, highway transportation has become an important part of road transportation, and the proportion of freight vehicles in the traffic composition has been increasing, such as, Statistical analysis of the traffic volume of the highway network in Tianjin shows that the total number of heavy trucks has increased year by year in all traffic components. The results of one year's analysis show that the proportion of large trucks with a load of more than 15 tons exceeds 60% of the total number of trucks. In addition, the highway in our country adopts a charge standard for heavy trucks, so the freight transport department aims to reduce transportation costs. Increase transportation income, load truck's large-scale and heavy-duty become more and more obvious. In addition, compared with the developed countries, the proportion of heavy trucks in the total traffic composition in China is larger, the types of vehicles are complicated, the size and dynamic performance of each type of vehicles vary greatly, and the phenomenon of overloading is serious. The heavy truck interferes with the normal operation of traffic flow, which reduces the capacity of toll station. This paper analyzes the capacity of expressway toll station, introduces the basic problems of expressway toll station and the traffic behavior near the toll station. This paper analyzes the influence of freight cars on the capacity of highway toll stations and analyzes the operation mode of cargo vehicles, especially the operation mode of load charging lanes at toll stations. It is put forward that small cars and large trucks can be forced to be separated by setting up mandatory diversion facilities and various auxiliary facilities (including indication signs, forced deceleration facilities and speed feedback signs), so as to improve the efficiency of the use of toll stations. Finally, the paper puts forward some measures to improve the capacity of toll station in heavy haul traffic section with large traffic share, puts forward the implementation of ETC toll lane for truck weighing to improve the capacity of toll station, and introduces the pre-implementation technology of ETC for truck weight measurement. The influence of carrying out ETC toll station on freight car capacity is simulated and analyzed. By using VISSIM software, the paper simulates the improvement measures of toll collection station capacity proposed in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
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