基于Modelica语言的交通信息物理系统建模分析与仿真实现
发布时间：2018-08-06 18:19
【摘要】：随着交通问题日趋严重,迫切需要以科学的方法认知交通现象,用先进的技术支撑交通系统的发展,以便有效缓解交通拥堵和减少环境污染,因此智能交通系统的研究要寻求更深层次的发展。信息物理系统(Cyber Physical System,CPS)的出现,为解决交通系统中非线性、强耦合和泛时空问题提供了有效途径。把CPS概念应用于交通领域的交通信息物理系统(Transportation Cyber Physical System,T-CPS),其体系结构复杂,涉及学科门类和技术繁多,目前的研究更多的关注于描述系统的整体基本架构、诠释相应模块功能和关键技术上,其中面向T-CPS的系统建模和仿真实现是研究交通信息物理系统的重要基础技术之一。本文围绕面向交通信息物理系统的建模与仿真展开研究,主要研究内容如下。首先,利用T-CPS系统中信息世界与物理世界之间的相互作用和反馈特点,本文提出了对象层、感知层、计算层、控制层、执行与服务层和通信层的体系架构,诠释了相应层次的功能,其中通信层贯穿于信息传递的各个功能层之间。同时介绍了本文要研究要涉及的基本知识,包括Modelica语言、OpenModelica仿真平台和宏观交通流理论(元胞传输模型)等。其次,在提出的T-CPS基本架构和系统中信息流的基础之上,对系统中各个物理实体作抽象化和的简单化处理,用Modelica语言在仿真平台OpenModelica上开发模型库,在保证模型完备性的同时赋予模型规范的接口。整个模型库包括路段分割模块、路段连接模块、检测装置、控制器、执行装置和相关支撑工具库,模型库中的模块具有一般性意义,选择其中的模块可以快速的搭建实际的城市路网信息物理系统。第三,研究了模型库中信号灯控制器的设计。控制器是系统的核心部分,主要负责对输入的实时数据进行相关处理并生成控制决策。模型库中分别设计了应用于匝道入口和十字交叉口的控制器。定时控制器是实际中常用的交通信号控制策略;排空切换控制算法是将物理层交通流在道路上的传输看作是切换服务系统,通过控制稳定性的方式得到信号灯的控制周期;ALINEA控制器以下游路段的交通状态为依据来调整自身实时的信号配时。在整个控制过程中,可以随时通过仿真结果查看各个路段上交通流的实时变化。最后,给出一个实际的包含4个交叉口的系统,应用所开发的模型库进行了建模、仿真及结果分析。
[Abstract]:As traffic problems become more and more serious, it is urgent to recognize traffic phenomena in a scientific way and to support the development of traffic systems with advanced technologies in order to effectively alleviate traffic congestion and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, the research of intelligent transportation system should seek deeper development. The emergence of information physical system (Cyber Physical) provides an effective way to solve the nonlinear, strong coupling and pan-space-time problems in traffic systems. The concept of CPS is applied to the traffic information physical system (Transportation Cyber Physical system T-CPS in the field of transportation. Its architecture is complex and involves a variety of disciplines and technologies. At present, more researches focus on describing the whole basic framework of the system. In explaining the functions and key technologies of the corresponding modules, the system modeling and simulation oriented to T-CPS is one of the important basic technologies to study the traffic information physical system. This paper focuses on the modeling and simulation of traffic information physical system. The main research contents are as follows. Firstly, based on the interaction and feedback between the information world and the physical world in T-CPS system, this paper presents the architecture of object layer, perception layer, computing layer, control layer, execution and service layer and communication layer. The corresponding functions are explained, in which the communication layer runs through each function layer of information transmission. At the same time, the basic knowledge of this paper is introduced, including the Modelica language OpenModelica simulation platform and macro-traffic flow theory (cellular transport model) and so on. Secondly, on the basis of the basic structure of T-CPS and the information flow in the system, the physical entities in the system are abstracted and simplified, and the model library is developed on the simulation platform OpenModelica with Modelica language. While ensuring the completeness of the model, the interface of the model specification is given. The whole model base includes a section partition module, a link connection module, a detection device, a controller, an execution device and a related support tool library. The module in the model base is of general significance. The selection of the modules can quickly build the actual urban road network information physical system. Thirdly, the design of signal lamp controller in model base is studied. Controller is the core part of the system. It is mainly responsible for processing the input real-time data and generating control decision. In the model base, the controller is designed for ramp entrance and cross intersection respectively. The timing controller is a commonly used traffic signal control strategy in practice, and the emptying switching control algorithm regards the physical layer traffic flow transmission on the road as a switching service system. By controlling the stability, the control period of the signal lamp and the traffic state of the tour section below the AlinEA controller are obtained to adjust its real-time signal timing. During the whole control process, the real-time change of traffic flow on each section can be viewed at any time through the simulation results. Finally, a practical system including four intersections is presented, and the model base is used to model, simulate and analyze the results.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495;N945.13
，
本文编号：2168588
[Abstract]:As traffic problems become more and more serious, it is urgent to recognize traffic phenomena in a scientific way and to support the development of traffic systems with advanced technologies in order to effectively alleviate traffic congestion and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, the research of intelligent transportation system should seek deeper development. The emergence of information physical system (Cyber Physical) provides an effective way to solve the nonlinear, strong coupling and pan-space-time problems in traffic systems. The concept of CPS is applied to the traffic information physical system (Transportation Cyber Physical system T-CPS in the field of transportation. Its architecture is complex and involves a variety of disciplines and technologies. At present, more researches focus on describing the whole basic framework of the system. In explaining the functions and key technologies of the corresponding modules, the system modeling and simulation oriented to T-CPS is one of the important basic technologies to study the traffic information physical system. This paper focuses on the modeling and simulation of traffic information physical system. The main research contents are as follows. Firstly, based on the interaction and feedback between the information world and the physical world in T-CPS system, this paper presents the architecture of object layer, perception layer, computing layer, control layer, execution and service layer and communication layer. The corresponding functions are explained, in which the communication layer runs through each function layer of information transmission. At the same time, the basic knowledge of this paper is introduced, including the Modelica language OpenModelica simulation platform and macro-traffic flow theory (cellular transport model) and so on. Secondly, on the basis of the basic structure of T-CPS and the information flow in the system, the physical entities in the system are abstracted and simplified, and the model library is developed on the simulation platform OpenModelica with Modelica language. While ensuring the completeness of the model, the interface of the model specification is given. The whole model base includes a section partition module, a link connection module, a detection device, a controller, an execution device and a related support tool library. The module in the model base is of general significance. The selection of the modules can quickly build the actual urban road network information physical system. Thirdly, the design of signal lamp controller in model base is studied. Controller is the core part of the system. It is mainly responsible for processing the input real-time data and generating control decision. In the model base, the controller is designed for ramp entrance and cross intersection respectively. The timing controller is a commonly used traffic signal control strategy in practice, and the emptying switching control algorithm regards the physical layer traffic flow transmission on the road as a switching service system. By controlling the stability, the control period of the signal lamp and the traffic state of the tour section below the AlinEA controller are obtained to adjust its real-time signal timing. During the whole control process, the real-time change of traffic flow on each section can be viewed at any time through the simulation results. Finally, a practical system including four intersections is presented, and the model base is used to model, simulate and analyze the results.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495;N945.13
，
本文编号：2168588
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