典型交通事件影响下交通流运行状态演变分析

发布时间：2018-08-10 21:29

【摘要】：现如今,随着城市车辆总量的持续攀升,城市交通负荷越来约严重,城市道路扩建速度远远赶不上汽车总量的增幅,导致交通供给不能满足交通需求。典型交通事件的发生会加重城市交通压力,更加考验城市交通的通行能力。因此,交通界的学者和交通管理者提出了许多交通管理与控制措施,然而,这些管理与控制措施对于交通流来说相当于外部力量强制介入。现有的研究结果往往忽略了交通流内部组织的作用。自组织理论的出现为交通学者思考交通流提供了新的理念和方向,自组织研究的重点即在探讨系统内部的连续性演变以及演变所产生的可能的不连续后果。本文在大量阅读国内外有关自组织理论和交通流方面的理论研究成果的基础上,首先给出了典型交通事件的相关介绍,然后分别从微观,宏观两个方面分析了典型交通事件影响下的交通流的自组织演变。微观角度,主要从交通流的内部组成人的角度考虑,分析典型交通事件发生后对驾驶人的出行决策的影响,证明了典型交通事件影响下,驾驶员的初始OD会发生改变,从而影响区域甚至整个城市的交通流分布。宏观角度,确定自组织理论适用于城市道路系统,从而将突变论应用于城市道路系统。典型交通事件的发生伴随着交通量的急剧增加,造成城市道路系统状态从畅通转变为拥堵,突变论便探讨了这两种系统状态的临界状态,建立了城市道路系统的突变模型,分析了造成系统突变的各种原因,最后,运用计算机模拟城市道路系统发生突变前后交通流的自组织结果,其中突变前的平衡态采用Wardrop平衡法则。本文的研究对于加深认识交通流内部组织机理等理论研究以及对交通管理等现实作用都具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the continuous increase of the total number of urban vehicles, the urban traffic load is getting more and more serious, and the expansion speed of urban roads is far from the increase of the total amount of vehicles, resulting in the traffic supply can not meet the traffic demand. Typical traffic events will increase urban traffic pressure and test the capacity of urban traffic. Therefore, many traffic management and control measures have been put forward by scholars and traffic managers. However, these management and control measures are equivalent to external force intervention to traffic flow. Existing research results often ignore the role of the internal organization of traffic flow. The emergence of self-organization theory provides a new idea and direction for traffic scholars to think about traffic flow. The focus of self-organization research is to discuss the continuous evolution of the system and the possible discontinuous consequences of the evolution. On the basis of reading a large number of domestic and foreign research results on self-organization theory and traffic flow, this paper first gives the relevant introduction of typical traffic events, and then, from the micro perspective, The self-organization evolution of traffic flow under the influence of typical traffic events is analyzed from two macroscopic aspects. From the micro point of view, mainly from the perspective of the inner component of traffic flow, this paper analyzes the impact of typical traffic events on the driver's travel decision, and proves that under the influence of typical traffic events, the initial OD of the driver will change. Thus affecting the distribution of traffic flow in the region and even the whole city. From the macro point of view, it is determined that the self-organization theory is applicable to the urban road system, and then the catastrophe theory is applied to the urban road system. The occurrence of typical traffic events is accompanied by a sharp increase in traffic volume, resulting in the transition of urban road system state from unblocked to congested. The catastrophe theory discusses the critical state of these two systems, and establishes the catastrophe model of urban road system. The causes of the sudden change of the system are analyzed. Finally, the self-organizing results of the traffic flow before and after the sudden change of the urban road system are simulated by computer, in which the equilibrium state before the catastrophe is based on the Wardrop equilibrium rule. The research in this paper is of great significance to the further understanding of the internal organization mechanism of traffic flow and the practical role of traffic management.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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