行人—非机动车共享道路安全与效率研究

发布时间：2018-08-10 21:16

【摘要】：近年来,我国的一些城市在老城区和行人流量较大的商业区,采用了行人、非机动车共享道形式,这样行人与非机动车能够互相借用行驶空间,从而能够进行机动车道的扩建和缓解高行人流量带来的交通拥堵。但是我国公共自行车发展迅速以及共享单车的出现导致共享道路的安全情况有待考虑。故本文拟选取共享道路作为研究对象,深入研究适合其设置的交通条件,分析共享道路的安全效率情况,对于今后共享道路的设置有重要的意义。本文在对共享道路进行安全与效率分析时,需要考虑共享道路的一些基本参数。故本文首先针对共享道路上交通实体进行了交通基本特征分析,并给出了对于城市共享道路上冲突数、速度等相关参数的调查方案,为共享道路安全效率分析做基础资料准备。其次分析了共享道路安全与效率的表征指标并构建了共享道路模型,本文利用共享道路上各个交通实体间的超越、相遇冲突数作为评价共享道路安全的指标。考虑到冲突数较小的情况,道路虽然安全性高但效率较低,故本文加入了速度差概念,利用共享道路冲突数与非机动车、行人速度差构建共享道路服务水平并作为效率评价指标。本文利用共享道路基础数据调查,通过元胞自动机建立共享道路模型。本文通过模型模拟仿真共享道路不同状况下的冲突数及速度,通过聚类分析将冲突数分为6类,得出共享道路的安全评价指标,同时通过冲突数、速度差构建共享道路服务水平评价指标作为效率分析依据。同时本文研究了不同占有率、宽度下共享道路的服务水平变化,提出了适合设置共享道路的条件,通过有、无隔离设置条件下,服务水平对比分析得出了隔离设施设置的条件。最后,运用本文提出的模型对西安市共享道路进行建模分析,并将模型仿真所得数据与实际数据进行对比分析,验证了模型的可靠性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, some cities in our country have adopted the form of pedestrian and non-motorized road sharing in the old urban areas and commercial districts with large pedestrian flows, so that pedestrians and non-motor vehicles can borrow each other's driving space. Thus can carry on the expansion of the motorway and alleviate the traffic jam caused by the high passenger flow. However, the rapid development of public bicycles and the emergence of shared bikes lead to the safety of shared roads to be considered. So this paper chooses the shared road as the research object, deeply studies the traffic conditions suitable for its setting, and analyzes the safety and efficiency of the shared road, which is of great significance to the setting of the shared road in the future. In this paper, some basic parameters of shared roads should be taken into account when analyzing the safety and efficiency of shared roads. So this paper firstly analyzes the basic traffic characteristics of the traffic entities on the shared road, and gives the investigation scheme for the number of conflicts, speed and other related parameters on the shared road, so as to prepare the basic data for the analysis of the safety efficiency of the shared road. Secondly, this paper analyzes the indicators of shared road safety and efficiency and constructs a shared road model. This paper uses the surpassing of traffic entities on shared roads and the number of encounter conflicts as indicators to evaluate the safety of shared roads. Considering that the number of conflicts is small and the roads are safe but inefficient, the concept of speed difference is added in this paper, which uses the number of conflict on shared roads and non-motor vehicles. The pedestrian speed difference constructs the shared road service level and serves as the efficiency evaluation index. In this paper, a shared road model is established by means of cellular automata (CA) based on the basic data survey of shared roads. This paper simulates the number and speed of conflict in different conditions of shared road through model simulation, classifies the number of conflicts into 6 categories by cluster analysis, and obtains the safety evaluation index of shared road, at the same time, through the number of conflicts, The speed difference construction shared road service level evaluation index as the efficiency analysis basis. At the same time, this paper studies the change of service level of shared road under different occupation rate and width, and puts forward the suitable conditions for setting up shared road. Through the comparative analysis of service level under the condition of having and no isolation setting, the conditions of setting isolation facilities are obtained. Finally, the model proposed in this paper is used to model and analyze the shared road in Xi'an, and the model simulation data are compared with the actual data to verify the reliability of the model.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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