桥底检测作业平台的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 10:33

【摘要】：伴随着经济的发展,我国桥梁总数不断增加,桥梁的安全状况越来越受到重视。我国的桥梁大多为混凝土桥梁,随着使用年限的增加,受诸多因素的影响,会自然老化并产生结构损伤。桥梁的健康问题往往集中于桥梁的底部,这给桥梁的检修带来了困难。传统桥底检测作业平台中,采用吊篮和搭建脚手架,作业效率都非常低;桥梁检测车检测效率比较高,但价格非常昂贵,国内刚刚起步,技术水平和产品的多元化也与国外有一定差距。因此如何在保证桥底检测作业平台作业效率的同时,降低经济成本,不仅能开阔市场前景,而且对于完善特种作业设备的设计理论有重要意义。本文以常见的双向四车道桥梁作为主要的检测对象,根据作业要求和功能要求,开发了一种桥底检测作业平台,既可以降低经济成本,又能够绕过桥墩,实现顺桥方向的连续作业,保证较高的作业效率。首先确定了总体方案,对桥底检测作业平台各部件的结构和功能实现方式,进行详细的设计,在Pro/E中建立桥底检测作业平台的三维模型。对桥底检测作业平台的液压系统进行了分析研究,根据各执行动作的不同,确定了平衡回路和缓冲回路的实施方案,拟定了系统的液压原理图。确定桥底检测作业平台液压系统的工作压力,根据负载不同,对液压元件的参数匹配进行了分析。利用有限元软件,通过对臂架系统进行静力学分析,检验结构强度和位移变形是符合要求;通过对臂架系统进行模态分析,得到各阶固有频率和振型,找到振动危险部位,判断有无共振危险,为优化处理提供依据。在ADAMS软件中建立虚拟样机,进行运动仿真分析,记录臂架系统质心轨迹图,并以此进行稳定性分析,保证不发生倾覆危险;通过动力学分析,得到了关键铰链和回转支撑的受力曲线图,分析了不同阶段的受力特点和方式,是后续进行优化的重要理论依据。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the total number of bridges in our country is increasing, and the safety of bridges is paid more and more attention. Most bridges in our country are concrete bridges. With the increase of service life and the influence of many factors, natural aging and structural damage will occur. Bridge health problems often focus on the bottom of the bridge, which brings difficulties to bridge maintenance. In the traditional bridge bottom detection platform, the operation efficiency is very low by using hanging basket and scaffolding. The bridge detection vehicle has high detection efficiency, but the price is very expensive. The technology level and product diversification also have certain disparity with the foreign country. Therefore, how to ensure the efficiency of the bridge bottom detection platform and reduce the economic cost can not only open up the market prospects, but also have important significance to improve the design theory of special operation equipment. In this paper, the common two-way four-lane bridge as the main detection object, according to the operational requirements and functional requirements, a bridge bottom detection platform is developed, which can not only reduce the economic cost, but also bypass the pier. Realize the continuous operation in the direction of the bridge, and ensure higher working efficiency. Firstly, the overall scheme is determined, and the structure and function of each component of the bridge bottom detection platform are designed in detail, and the 3D model of the bridge bottom detection platform is established in Pro/E. The hydraulic system of the bridge bottom detection platform is analyzed and studied. According to the different execution actions, the implementation scheme of the balance loop and the buffer circuit is determined, and the hydraulic principle diagram of the system is drawn up. The working pressure of the hydraulic system of the bridge bottom detection platform is determined. The parameter matching of the hydraulic components is analyzed according to the different loads. By using the finite element software, the static analysis of the boom system is carried out to verify that the structural strength and displacement and deformation meet the requirements, and through modal analysis of the boom system, the natural frequencies and modes of each order are obtained, and the dangerous parts of vibration are found. To judge whether there is any risk of resonance and to provide the basis for optimal treatment. The virtual prototype is built in ADAMS software, the motion simulation analysis is carried out, the trajectory diagram of the center of mass of the arm system is recorded, and the stability analysis is carried out to ensure that there is no overturning danger. The stress curves of key hinges and rotary braces are obtained, and the stress characteristics and modes of different stages are analyzed, which is an important theoretical basis for subsequent optimization.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U446

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