抑冰抗滑磨耗层的材料设计与路用性能分析

发布时间：2018-08-26 20:58

【摘要】：道路的冰雪问题是影响交通安全的主要问题之一,严重影响着人们出行的安全,也降低了车辆的通行效率,加大了车辆的使用成本。所以,如何解决这一问题是重要的课题。现有的除冰雪技术存在着诸多的缺点,基于此,文章中提出了抑冰抗滑磨耗层,将融冰雪的功能与磨耗层的理念相结合,通过对上层的抑冰集料与下层的粘结料的研究,提出适宜的磨耗层的设计和使用方法。首先,粘结料采用树脂沥青,从物理共混体系与化学反应工艺两个角度,改善树脂固化产物与沥青的相容性。通过拉拔试验与小梁弯曲试验评价了不同掺配比例下的树脂沥青粘结料的粘结强度与低温性能,得到了满足要求的沥青、树脂、固化剂、松节油、顺酐、丙三醇等材料的配比设计和两种适宜的制备工艺。其次,针对上层集料,需要具有足够多的孔隙以吸附融雪盐。本文以陶粒为基础进行了多方面的研究。通过压碎值试验、吸水率试验、磨耗值试验等评价陶粒与普通安山岩集料的各方面性能,并结合轮式磨光机,对不同磨光时间、磨光次数下的抗滑性能与耐磨性能的衰减变化进行评价,最终得到适宜的陶粒与安山岩的掺配比例。基于前两部分的研究成果,对磨耗层的整体性能进行进一步的研究。通过抑冰机理分析、室内融冰试验分析、抑冰盐析出试验分析、室外撒布试验观测、冻结试验观测和降雨模拟试验分析等评价磨耗层的融冰雪性能,以修正陶粒与安山岩的掺配比例。利用摆式摩擦仪验证磨耗层在不同条件下的抗滑性能。利用轮式磨光机评价磨耗层在紫外老化前后的集料剥落情况。最终得到抑冰抗滑磨耗层的设计方法与使用建议。
[Abstract]:The problem of road ice and snow is one of the main problems affecting traffic safety, which seriously affects the safety of people travelling, reduces the efficiency of vehicles, and increases the use cost of vehicles. Therefore, how to solve this problem is an important subject. The existing ice and snow removal technology has many shortcomings. Based on this, the paper puts forward the anti-skid wear layer, which combines the function of melting ice and snow with the idea of wear layer, and through the research on the ice suppression aggregate and the adhesive material in the lower layer. The appropriate design and application method of wear layer are put forward. Firstly, resin asphalt is used as binder to improve the compatibility of resin curing product and asphalt from two aspects of physical blending system and chemical reaction process. Through drawing test and trabecular bending test, the bond strength and low temperature performance of resin asphalt binder with different blending ratio were evaluated, and asphalt, resin, curing agent, turpentine, maleic anhydride were obtained. The ratio design of glycerol and other materials and two suitable preparation processes. Secondly, for the upper aggregate, it is necessary to have enough pores to absorb snow salt. In this paper, based on ceramsite, many aspects of research have been carried out. Through crushing test, water absorption test, wear value test and so on, the performance of ceramsite and ordinary andesite aggregate is evaluated. The attenuation changes of anti-slip and wear-resisting properties under polishing times were evaluated, and the suitable mixing ratio of ceramsite and andesite was obtained. Based on the research results of the first two parts, the overall performance of the wear layer is further studied. Through the analysis of the mechanism of ice suppression, the analysis of indoor melting ice test, the analysis of ice suppression salting-out test, the observation of outdoor spreading test, the observation of freezing test and the analysis of rainfall simulation test, etc., the property of melting ice and snow of wear layer is evaluated. In order to correct the admixture ratio of ceramsite and andesite. The sliding resistance of wear layer under different conditions was verified by pendulum tribometer. The abrasive peeling of wear layer before and after UV aging was evaluated by wheel grinder. Finally, the design method and application suggestion of the anti-skid layer are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U414

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