十天高速汉中西段地质灾害调查与对策研究

发布时间：2018-08-29 09:38

【摘要】：陕南秦巴山区多高山峻岭,地质构造十分复杂。秦巴山区公路边坡灾害的诱发因素十分复杂,降雨较多且较为集中,每年7-9月是秦巴山区的雨季,该季节降雨量大且持续时间较长,地质灾害时常发生,秦巴山区地质灾害的形式为:崩塌,滑坡,泥石流为主。边坡灾害造成公路堵塞,对人民生命财产安全造成威胁,因此,对秦巴山区公路边坡灾害的成灾机理的研究十分必要。首先,本文通过对十天高速汉中西段151km有隐患的边坡、弃碴场、涵洞进行了调查和初步研究。重点调查了37个灾害点,灾害隐患主要是滑坡、崩塌落石、坍塌、泥石流、弃碴场、涵洞水毁等。调查内容主要包括弃土弃碴场的堆积区特性、弃碴的处理措施,斜坡的几何形态及场地地貌、斜坡的地质条件(地层岩性、结构面产状及特征等)、河道条件等。调查通过查阅资料、现场调查、施工单位填写调查表等形式,将针对不同的灾害点和标段的基本概况,找出存在的隐患,对该处是否易发灾害及易发何种灾害作出初评结论,给出不同的建议和相应的措施。其次,通过对十天高速汉中西段边坡灾害调查,根据土类形成条件的不同,确定边坡灾害的主要类型有:坡积层滑坡,堆积层滑塌,膨胀土滑坡,残积层滑坡,岩质边坡崩塌,岩质边坡滑坡等。通过对现场情况的调查和研究,结合秦巴山区的环境及气候特点,研究边坡灾害的成灾机理。最后,研究灾害发生的原因有:地形地貌特点,降雨及地下水作用,人类工程活动等及地质灾害的成灾机理,给出相应的设计、施工建议。本文通过对十天高速汉中西段公路边坡灾害的调查,结合现场调查情况及秦巴山区地质、气候条件,对边坡灾害类型进行分类,并对成灾机理及致灾因素进行分析总结,并针对不同的灾害类型给出相应的处置对策。
[Abstract]:There are many high mountains in the Qinba Mountains in the south of Shaanxi, and the geological structure is very complicated. The induced factors of highway slope disaster in Qinba Mountain area are very complicated, the rainfall is more and more concentrated. Every July and September is the rainy season in Qinba Mountain area. The rainfall in this season is large and lasting for a long time, and geological disasters often occur. Qinba Mountain area geological hazards in the form of: collapse, landslide, debris flow. Slope disasters cause road blockage and threaten the safety of people's life and property. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanism of highway slope disasters in Qinba Mountain area. Firstly, this paper investigates and preliminarily studies the hidden slope, ballast dump and culvert of 151km in the West Hanzhong section of ten days high speed. The main hazards are landslide, collapse, debris flow, ballast dump, culvert damage and so on. The contents of the investigation mainly include the characteristics of the accumulation area of the dump site, the disposal measures, the geometry and geomorphology of the slope, the geological conditions of the slope (stratigraphic lithology, the occurrence and characteristics of the structural surface, etc.), the condition of the river course, and so on. In the form of consulting data, on-the-spot investigation, and construction units filling out questionnaires, the investigation will find out the hidden dangers in view of the basic situation of different disaster spots and segments, and make a preliminary evaluation conclusion on whether and what kind of disasters are likely to occur there. Different suggestions and corresponding measures are given. Secondly, through the investigation of the slope disasters in the west section of Hanzhong section of ten days high speed, according to the different forming conditions of soil, the main types of slope disasters are determined as follows: landslide of slope accumulation layer, landslide of expansive soil, landslide of residual layer, collapse of rock slope. Rock slope landslide etc. Based on the investigation and study of the field situation and the environmental and climatic characteristics of Qinba Mountain area, the mechanism of slope disaster is studied. Finally, the causes of disasters are studied, such as the characteristics of topography and landform, rainfall and groundwater, human engineering activities, and the mechanism of geological disasters, and the corresponding design and construction suggestions are given. Based on the investigation of highway slope disasters in the west section of Hanzhong highway in ten days, combined with the field investigation and the geological and climatic conditions of Qinba Mountain area, the types of slope disasters are classified, and the mechanism of disaster formation and the factors causing disasters are analyzed and summarized in this paper. According to different types of disasters, the corresponding countermeasures are given.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.22

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