岩溶隧道地质预报的几种主要方法及应用研究

发布时间：2018-08-29 11:03

【摘要】：研究目的:我国是世界上岩溶分布面积最广的国家之一,岩溶分布纵深横广,除了形成北方以山西为中心、西南以贵州为中心的两片面积瞩目的岩溶高原外,还有着更为广阔的地理环境跨度。最新统计表明,裸露于地表的碳酸盐岩面积约203万km2,加上埋藏型碳酸盐岩,总面积达365万km2,超过我国国土面积的1/3。宜万铁路、关角隧道等项目的岩溶隧道的施工实践揭示,复杂岩溶隧道施工风险极高,而超前地质预报是化解复杂岩溶隧道施工安全风险的龙头措施,但因预报目标不同,所使用的方法明显有异,因而研究岩溶地质预报的适应性方法(手段)及准确度极其必要。研究结论:(1)本文通过对宜万铁路、关角隧道、云贵铁路等多个项目的复杂岩溶隧道综合超前地质预测预报工作进行调研,对岩溶地质预测预报的几种主要方法的耗时及准确度进行了分析,论述了基于岩溶地质预报的几种主要方法的适应性及成果准确度;(2)提出了按风险评估等级的各类地质预报系统的组成要件;(3)该研究成果对今后提升岩溶地质预报技术和岩溶隧道安全施工技术具有借鉴和实用价值。
[Abstract]:Objective: China is one of the most widely distributed karst countries in the world. The karst distribution is deep and wide, except for the formation of two karst plateau with Shanxi as the center and Guizhou as the center in the southwest. There is also a wider range of geographical environments. The latest statistics show that the area of carbonate rock exposed to the surface is about 2.03 million km2, plus buried carbonate rock, and the total area of 3.65 million km2, exceeds a third of the total land area of China. The construction practice of karst tunnel in Yi-Wan Railway and Guanjiao Tunnel shows that the construction risk of complex karst tunnel is very high, and the advanced geological forecast is the leading measure to resolve the safety risk of complex karst tunnel construction, but the forecast goal is different. The methods used are obviously different, so it is necessary to study the adaptability method and accuracy of karst geological prediction. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the comprehensive geological prediction and prediction of complex karst tunnels in Yiwan Railway, Guanjiao Tunnel, Yun-Gui Railway and other projects are investigated in this paper. The time consuming and accuracy of several main methods for predicting karst geology are analyzed. The adaptability and accuracy of several main methods based on karst geological prediction are discussed; (2) the constituent elements of various geological prediction systems according to risk assessment grade are put forward; (3) the research results are used to improve karst geological prediction in the future. The technology and safety construction technology of karst tunnel have reference and practical value.
【作者单位】：中铁西南科学研究院有限公司;
【分类号】：U452.11

【参考文献】