防冲撞护栏的抗撞性能仿真分析
发布时间：2018-09-05 19:56
【摘要】：近年来恐怖分子驾车冲撞国家重要部门或人群密集地的事件时有发生,造成了较大的损失,同时国内外交通事故也逐年递增,且由于车辆直接或间接撞击护栏所产生的事故较为严重。为了避免类似的事件发生,急需建造一种新型的防冲撞护栏,这种护栏要求在政府重要部门以及人群密集地安装,能拦截恐怖车辆的撞击,同时也要求能减少由于操作失误在车辆撞击护栏时对车内人员造成伤害,此外还需要具有一定的美观程度,避免让人看后心里会产生压迫感。本文依据某公司的新型防冲撞护栏抗撞性能仿真项目对该护栏进行了抗撞性能分析以及结构的改进,主要内容如下：1.详细介绍了目前护栏的分类及每种类型护栏的优缺点,对护栏的防护标准及损坏等级划分做了简要的概括,并利用三维建模软件对护栏进行了结构简化及几何模型的建立,详细分析其结构特点。2.利用HYPERMESH对护栏、车辆进行了高质量的网格划分和材料属性定义,建立了车辆、护栏及以车辆以不同速度和角度撞击护栏的有限元模型,在此过程中对车辆及护栏的有限元模型进行了适当的简化,对单元算法、材料模型和以及接触界面定义等问题做了适当的说明。详细分析了工况简化方法,并验证了车辆-护栏碰撞模型的合理性。3.对车辆以不同速度从不同角度撞击护栏进行了数值模拟,得到车辆的速度、位移、加速度等相关数据,对在碰撞过程中护栏的应力-应变、能量吸收规律、钢索在碰撞过程中所起的作用进行了分析,得到护栏的薄弱点,并根据相关标准对护栏防护性能进行了评价,为护栏的结构改进奠定了基础。4.根据以上数值模拟的分析结果对护栏的结构进行了改进,并对改进后的护栏结构与改进前的进行了对比,结果显示改进后的护栏能较大幅度的减少在与车辆碰撞过程中薄弱点处的应力值,同时在对冲撞车辆的拦截性能方面也有了较大的提高,验证了改进方案的可行性,最后选择理想方式对护栏所能拦截车辆的最大车速进行分析。5.对本文进行了总结,并指出了本文的不足之处。
[Abstract]:In recent years, incidents of terrorists driving into important state departments or crowded areas have occurred from time to time, causing great losses, and traffic accidents at home and abroad have also been increasing year by year. The accidents caused by the direct or indirect impact of the vehicle against the guardrail are more serious. To avoid similar incidents, there is an urgent need to build a new type of collision barrier that requires intensive installation in key government departments and crowds to intercept the impact of terrorist vehicles. At the same time, it is also required to reduce the damage to the occupants of the vehicle when the vehicle hits the guardrail due to the misoperation, in addition, it also needs to have a certain degree of beauty, so as to avoid the feeling of oppressive feeling in the mind after making people look at it. In this paper, according to the impact performance simulation project of a company's new anti-collision guardrail, the anti-collision performance analysis and structural improvement of the guardrail are carried out. The main contents are as follows: 1. The classification of the guardrail and the advantages and disadvantages of each type of guardrail are introduced in detail. The protection standards and damage grades of the guardrail are briefly summarized, and the structure and geometric model of the guardrail are simplified by using 3D modeling software. Detailed analysis of its structural characteristics. The high quality mesh division and material attribute definition of vehicle are carried out by using HYPERMESH. The finite element model of vehicle, guardrail and impinging guardrail with different speed and angle is established. In this process, the finite element model of vehicle and guardrail is simplified, and the element algorithm, material model and contact interface definition are explained. The simplified working condition method is analyzed in detail, and the rationality of the vehicle-guardrail collision model is verified. A numerical simulation of vehicle impact on guardrail at different speeds from different angles is carried out, and the relative data of vehicle speed, displacement, acceleration and so on are obtained. The stress-strain and energy absorption laws of guardrail during collision are obtained. The function of steel cable in the process of collision is analyzed, and the weakness of guardrail is obtained, and the protective performance of guardrail is evaluated according to relevant standards, which lays a foundation for the improvement of guardrail structure. According to the analysis results of the above numerical simulation, the structure of the guardrail is improved, and the structure of the improved guardrail is compared with that before the improvement. The results show that the improved guardrail can greatly reduce the stress value of the weak spot in the collision with the vehicle, and at the same time, the intercepting performance of the colliding vehicle is also greatly improved, which verifies the feasibility of the improved scheme. Finally, we choose the ideal way to analyze the maximum speed of the vehicle which can be intercepted by guardrail. 5. This article is summarized, and pointed out the shortcomings of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U417.12
本文编号：2225307
[Abstract]:In recent years, incidents of terrorists driving into important state departments or crowded areas have occurred from time to time, causing great losses, and traffic accidents at home and abroad have also been increasing year by year. The accidents caused by the direct or indirect impact of the vehicle against the guardrail are more serious. To avoid similar incidents, there is an urgent need to build a new type of collision barrier that requires intensive installation in key government departments and crowds to intercept the impact of terrorist vehicles. At the same time, it is also required to reduce the damage to the occupants of the vehicle when the vehicle hits the guardrail due to the misoperation, in addition, it also needs to have a certain degree of beauty, so as to avoid the feeling of oppressive feeling in the mind after making people look at it. In this paper, according to the impact performance simulation project of a company's new anti-collision guardrail, the anti-collision performance analysis and structural improvement of the guardrail are carried out. The main contents are as follows: 1. The classification of the guardrail and the advantages and disadvantages of each type of guardrail are introduced in detail. The protection standards and damage grades of the guardrail are briefly summarized, and the structure and geometric model of the guardrail are simplified by using 3D modeling software. Detailed analysis of its structural characteristics. The high quality mesh division and material attribute definition of vehicle are carried out by using HYPERMESH. The finite element model of vehicle, guardrail and impinging guardrail with different speed and angle is established. In this process, the finite element model of vehicle and guardrail is simplified, and the element algorithm, material model and contact interface definition are explained. The simplified working condition method is analyzed in detail, and the rationality of the vehicle-guardrail collision model is verified. A numerical simulation of vehicle impact on guardrail at different speeds from different angles is carried out, and the relative data of vehicle speed, displacement, acceleration and so on are obtained. The stress-strain and energy absorption laws of guardrail during collision are obtained. The function of steel cable in the process of collision is analyzed, and the weakness of guardrail is obtained, and the protective performance of guardrail is evaluated according to relevant standards, which lays a foundation for the improvement of guardrail structure. According to the analysis results of the above numerical simulation, the structure of the guardrail is improved, and the structure of the improved guardrail is compared with that before the improvement. The results show that the improved guardrail can greatly reduce the stress value of the weak spot in the collision with the vehicle, and at the same time, the intercepting performance of the colliding vehicle is also greatly improved, which verifies the feasibility of the improved scheme. Finally, we choose the ideal way to analyze the maximum speed of the vehicle which can be intercepted by guardrail. 5. This article is summarized, and pointed out the shortcomings of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U417.12
【共引文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 徐倩;樊军;谭纪全;;山区公路路侧护栏在不同碰撞角度下的结构分析与改善对策[J];交通科技;2012年02期
，本文编号：2225307
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