交叉口混合交通冲突模型研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 11:16

【摘要】：随着交通安全越来越受关注,交通冲突技术的重要性日渐凸显。由于能够定量研究道路的安全状况,交通冲突技术被广泛应用于路网的交通安全评价领域。现有的交通冲突判别模型有空间距离模型、时间距离模型、能量判别模型、加速度判别模型以及冲突场判别模型等,但这些模型大多是对混合交通宏观行为的描述,没有充分考虑冲突双方的运动特征及心理特性,未能很好地描述交叉口的混合交通冲突。为此,本文从机机冲突及机非冲突模型入手,重点研究基于行人心理安全距离的人车冲突区域模型,具体工作总结如下。首先,通过研究冲突对象的运动轨迹,建立不考虑行人特性的人车冲突模型。其次,分析得出行人自身状态、车辆情况以及外部自然环境三类影响行人心理安全距离的因素,并针对这些因素制作调查问卷,对不同地区的170位行人进行了调查。然后,根据调查得到的4590条数据,采用最优尺度分类回归的方法研究了不同因素对行人心理安全距离的影响,在此基础上,进行均值分析得出行人心理安全距离的阈值。最后,提出了基于行人心理安全距离的人车临界冲突区域模型,并对模型中的参数进行分析,完善了交叉口混合冲突模型。针对建立的交叉口混合交通冲突模型,选取北京市海淀区八角东街与时代花园北路丁字路口、苏州街与海淀大街丁字口、通州区群芳中一街东口十字路口、南昌市紫阳大道北侧十字路口等4个路口共30个案例进行了验证,结果表明模型的综合准确率达到76.7%,能够基本满足交叉口的交通安全评价需求。
[Abstract]:With more and more attention paid to traffic safety, the importance of traffic conflict technology is becoming more and more important. Because of the quantitative study of road safety, traffic conflict technology is widely used in the field of road safety evaluation. The existing traffic conflict discriminant models include spatial distance model, time distance model, energy discriminant model, acceleration discriminant model and conflict field discriminant model, but most of these models describe the macroscopic behavior of mixed traffic. The motion and psychological characteristics of the parties to the conflict are not fully considered, and the mixed traffic conflict at the intersection is not well described. Therefore, this paper focuses on the regional model of vehicle conflict based on pedestrian psychological safety distance, starting with the model of aircraft conflict and non-aircraft conflict. The specific work is summarized as follows. Firstly, by studying the motion trajectory of the object, a vehicle conflict model is established without considering the pedestrian characteristics. Secondly, three kinds of factors affecting pedestrian psychological safety distance are analyzed, such as pedestrian status, vehicle situation and external natural environment. A questionnaire is made for these factors, and 170 pedestrians in different areas are investigated. Then, according to the 4590 data obtained from the investigation, the influence of different factors on the psychological safety distance of pedestrians is studied by using the method of optimal scale classification regression. On the basis of this, the threshold of pedestrian psychological safety distance is obtained by means of mean analysis. Finally, based on the distance of pedestrian psychological safety, the model of critical conflict area is proposed, and the parameters of the model are analyzed to perfect the mixed conflict model of intersection. In view of the mixed traffic conflict model of intersection, the intersection of Octagon East Street and Times Garden North Road, Suzhou Street and Haidian Street, Tongzhou District, Qunfang Zhongyi Street, Tongzhou District, is selected. A total of 30 cases have been verified at 4 intersections at the north side of Ziyang Avenue in Nanchang City. The results show that the comprehensive accuracy of the model is 76.70.It can basically meet the needs of traffic safety evaluation at the intersection.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.23

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