近海石油平台支援船（OSV）航行计划优化研究

发布时间：2018-10-15 15:35

【摘要】：由于近海石油平台支援船(OSV)在航行中受风、浪的影响和在航道内行驶时受潮汐的影响较大,其航行的线路和速度往往凭借船长的经验进行预判以达到合理或者节能的目的,因此OSV的航行计划具有一定的可优化性,针对OSV船队而言,存在着很大的节能空间。本文建立在这样的环境背景下,为了减少航行中的燃油消耗,通过研究风、浪在船舶航行中对船体的作用以及船舶在航道内受到潮汐涨落的影响,根据自然气象条件,改变OSV在各石油平台之间航行的航速或是航行线路,使得OSV在一个航次内往返的主机燃油消耗最低。文章首先针对OSV的工作环境、航行计划及现场的一些节油措施,研究了风、浪、潮汐等环境干扰力对船体产生的影响,将这些环境干扰力视作施加在船体上的一种阻力,建立关于风、浪、潮汐的船舶数学运动模型;然后根据实际情况模拟设定OSV从出港到返回的单个航次计划和自然气象条件,根据选取的目标船舶的船型参数计算船舶受到的裸船体阻力和附体阻力,根据主机功率的传递过程以及船舶有效功率的估算方法,建立船舶主机油耗模型作为本文航行计划的优化模型;之后运用基于遗传算法的多目标优化方法对航行计划优化模型进行优化计算,获得优化结果;最后,将获得的优化结果与经济航速匀速航行的总耗油量进行对比分析。结果表明,以优化得到的最优航速或者最优航线行驶,会使航次内总的主机燃油消耗达到最低,以实现节能的目的。在路径最短航次计划中,以优化结果航行的主机燃油消耗比以经济航速匀速航行过程中的主机燃油消耗要节油9%;在带任务航次计划中,对比同样优化得到的航线一与航线二,航线二要比航线一节省主机燃油3%,该航次计划的最优航线即为航线二。
[Abstract]:Because the offshore oil platform support ship (OSV) is greatly affected by wind and waves during navigation and by the tide while traveling in the channel, the route and speed of its navigation are usually determined in advance by the experience of the captain in order to achieve the purpose of reasonable or energy saving. Therefore, the navigation plan of OSV has certain optimizability, and there is great energy saving space for OSV fleet. In this paper, in order to reduce the fuel consumption in navigation, this paper studies the effect of wind and wave on ship hull and the influence of tide fluctuation on ship in navigation, according to the natural meteorological conditions, in order to reduce fuel consumption during navigation, the effect of wind and wave on the ship's hull is studied in this paper. By changing the speed or route of OSV between oil platforms, the main engine fuel consumption of OSV in one voyage is the lowest. Aiming at the working environment, navigation plan and some oil saving measures of OSV, this paper first studies the influence of wind, wave, tide and other environmental interference forces on the hull, which is regarded as a kind of resistance applied on the hull. The mathematical model of ship motion about wind, wave and tide is established, and the individual voyage plan and natural weather conditions of OSV from port to return are simulated according to the actual situation. According to the ship form parameters of the selected target ship, the resistance of the naked hull and the appendage of the ship is calculated, according to the transmission process of the main engine power and the estimation method of the effective power of the ship, The main engine oil consumption model is established as the optimization model of the navigation plan in this paper. After that, the optimization model of the navigation plan is optimized by using the multi-objective optimization method based on genetic algorithm. Finally, the optimization results are obtained. The optimized results are compared with the total fuel consumption of the economic constant speed navigation. The results show that the total fuel consumption of the main engine can be minimized by optimizing the optimal speed or the optimal route, in order to achieve the purpose of energy saving. In the route shortest voyage plan, the fuel consumption of the main engine navigating with the optimized results is 9% less than that of the main engine fuel consumption in the course of constant speed navigation at an economic speed; in the flight plan with a mission, the route 1 and the route 2, which are also optimized, are compared. Route 2 is more efficient than route 1. The optimal route is route 2.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U692

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