水上液化天然气加注站控制系统设计
发布时间：2018-10-15 15:02
【摘要】：由于我国长江、珠江等天然河流丰枯水位落差较大,水上液化天然气(LNG)加注站是一种适用于该类水域上航行的LNG动力船实施燃料补给的工作船,LNG控制系统(控制系统)是其重要组成部分,是向受注船加注LNG及接受外来气源向储罐补充LNG的专用控制设备。LNG加注趸船是水上LNG加注站的主要组成部分,其钢板耐超低温性能较差,他救能力较弱,因此在风险控制方面,应具有比陆上设备更高的安全裕度,控制系统是提高水上LNG加注站安全裕度的重要措施,提高其安全可靠性具有重要的意义。本文以“华强1号”水上LNG加注站(本站)的控制系统设计为例,为提高其安全可靠性,其设计采取了一系列措施:(1)控制系统选用分为信息层、控制层和设备层的罗克韦尔三层网络结构,设置双上位机实现信息层硬件冗余,紧急切断(ESD)系统采用单独的可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)实现控制层硬件冗余,采用环形网络实现控制层通信冗余。(2)控制系统重要控制点参数设置多个传感器实现设备层硬件冗余,设置控制系统专用不间断电源(UPS)实现供电冗余,应急截止阀采用故障关闭型以确保ESD措施安全可靠,气体危险区域选用与防爆等级相匹配的本安或隔爆仪器仪表确保工艺过程本质安全。同时,为减少本站的人员配置和站员的工作量,控制系统采用了半自动顺序控制等方法,极大地提高了本站的智能度。
[Abstract]:As the water levels of natural rivers, such as the Yangtze River and the Pearl River in China, are quite different from each other, The (LNG) filling station of liquefied natural gas (LNG) on water is a kind of working ship which can recharge fuel for LNG power vessel which is suitable for navigation in this kind of waters. The LNG control system (control system) is an important part of it. LNG filling lighter is the main component of the water LNG filling station, and its steel plate has poor resistance to low temperature and weak rescue ability. Therefore, in the aspect of risk control, it is a special control equipment for adding LNG to the receiving ship and receiving foreign gas to the storage tank, and the LNG filling lighter is the main component of the water LNG filling station, and its steel plate has poor resistance to cryogenic temperature and weak rescue ability. The control system is an important measure to improve the safety margin of water LNG filling station, and it is of great significance to improve its safety and reliability. This paper takes the control system design of "Hua-Qiang No. 1" water LNG filling station as an example. In order to improve its safety and reliability, a series of measures are adopted: (1) the control system is divided into information layer. In the control layer and the device layer, the structure of Rockwell's three-layer network structure, the hardware redundancy in the information layer is realized by two upper computers, and the hardware redundancy of the control layer is realized by using a separate programmable logic controller (PLC) in the emergency cut off (ESD) system. The control layer communication redundancy is realized by ring network. (2) the important control point parameters of the control system are set up to realize the hardware redundancy of the equipment layer, and the power supply redundancy is realized by setting the special uninterruptible power supply (UPS) of the control system. The emergency stop valve adopts the fault closing type to ensure the safety and reliability of the ESD measures, and the natural safety or flameproof instruments matching with the explosion proof grade are used in the gas hazard zone to ensure the essential safety of the process. At the same time, in order to reduce the staffing and workload of the station, semi-automatic sequential control is adopted in the control system, which greatly improves the intelligence of the station.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U653
本文编号：2272918
[Abstract]:As the water levels of natural rivers, such as the Yangtze River and the Pearl River in China, are quite different from each other, The (LNG) filling station of liquefied natural gas (LNG) on water is a kind of working ship which can recharge fuel for LNG power vessel which is suitable for navigation in this kind of waters. The LNG control system (control system) is an important part of it. LNG filling lighter is the main component of the water LNG filling station, and its steel plate has poor resistance to low temperature and weak rescue ability. Therefore, in the aspect of risk control, it is a special control equipment for adding LNG to the receiving ship and receiving foreign gas to the storage tank, and the LNG filling lighter is the main component of the water LNG filling station, and its steel plate has poor resistance to cryogenic temperature and weak rescue ability. The control system is an important measure to improve the safety margin of water LNG filling station, and it is of great significance to improve its safety and reliability. This paper takes the control system design of "Hua-Qiang No. 1" water LNG filling station as an example. In order to improve its safety and reliability, a series of measures are adopted: (1) the control system is divided into information layer. In the control layer and the device layer, the structure of Rockwell's three-layer network structure, the hardware redundancy in the information layer is realized by two upper computers, and the hardware redundancy of the control layer is realized by using a separate programmable logic controller (PLC) in the emergency cut off (ESD) system. The control layer communication redundancy is realized by ring network. (2) the important control point parameters of the control system are set up to realize the hardware redundancy of the equipment layer, and the power supply redundancy is realized by setting the special uninterruptible power supply (UPS) of the control system. The emergency stop valve adopts the fault closing type to ensure the safety and reliability of the ESD measures, and the natural safety or flameproof instruments matching with the explosion proof grade are used in the gas hazard zone to ensure the essential safety of the process. At the same time, in order to reduce the staffing and workload of the station, semi-automatic sequential control is adopted in the control system, which greatly improves the intelligence of the station.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U653
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