长江黄金航道整治技术研究构想与展望

发布时间：2018-10-18 12:34

【摘要】：当前,长江黄金航道面临着长江三峡枢纽和上游水库群联合运行带来的水沙条件新变化,以及防洪、航运、发电、供水、生态等水资源综合利用的新需求,亟待深入认识新水沙条件下航道演变机理及发展趋势,科学评估航道承载力及提升潜力,系统研发水资源综合高效利用目标下的航道整治技术,有效促进航道整治与生态环境保护的协调融合。"长江黄金航道整治技术研究与示范项目"以提高航道通过能力,实现长江航道资源高效利用为目标,凝练了四大关键科学和技术问题:1)水沙变化条件下长江航道演变机理及发展趋势;2)长江重要生物-生境对航道整治工程的响应机制;3)多因素影响下长江航道滩群联动整治方法与技术;4)基于河流完整性的航道整治生境融入及再造技术。结合关键科学问题和技术内涵,提出五大重点研究内容:1)研究长江不同类型河段复杂动力过程与滩槽演变的相互作用机理,预测长江航道演变趋势;2)研究长江生态航道的架构及评价体系;3)评估多功能河流航道承载力及可提升潜力;4)研究多库联调下山区河流卵石滩群联动航道整治技术、防洪-通航协同下中游强冲刷河段航道整治技术、下游复杂多分汊河段航道滩槽调控技术、径潮流河段深水航道协调治理与减淤技术等;5)研究长江航道整治工程的生境融入及再造技术,构建生态友好型航道整治模式。最后,将五大重点研究内容细分为八大前沿研究方向:1)新水沙条件下长江航道演变机理及趋势预测;2)长江生态航道架构及评价方法体系;3)多目标协同下长江黄金航道承载力及提升潜力;4)多库联调下卵石滩群联动航道整治技术;5)防洪-通航协同下强冲刷河段航道整治技术;6)复杂多分汊河段航道滩槽调控技术;7)径潮流河段深水航道协调治理与减淤技术;8)长江典型生态保护段航道整治技术。基于以上内容,初步构建长江航道整治技术研究体系,以期为提高黄金航道通过能力提供理论基础和技术支撑。
[Abstract]:At present, the golden channel of the Yangtze River is facing new changes in the conditions of water and sediment brought by the joint operation of the three Gorges Project and the upstream reservoir group, as well as the new demand for comprehensive utilization of water resources such as flood control, shipping, power generation, water supply, ecology, etc. It is urgent to deeply understand the evolution mechanism and development trend of waterway under the condition of new water and sediment, scientifically evaluate the carrying capacity of waterway and enhance its potential, and systematically research and develop waterway regulation technology under the goal of comprehensive and efficient utilization of water resources. Effectively promote the coordination and integration of waterway regulation and ecological environment protection. " The research and demonstration project of the Yangtze River Golden Channel Regulation Technology aims at improving the waterway passage capacity and realizing the efficient utilization of the Yangtze River waterway resources. Four key scientific and technical problems are condensed: 1) the evolution mechanism and development trend of Yangtze River channel under the condition of water and sediment change; 2) the response mechanism of the important biological habitat of the Yangtze River to waterway regulation engineering; 3) the response mechanism of the Yangtze River channel beach group under the influence of many factors. Methods and techniques of linkage regulation; 4) integration and reconstruction of waterway regulation habitat based on river integrity. Combined with the key scientific problems and technical connotations, five key research contents are put forward: 1) the interaction mechanism between the complex dynamic processes of different types of Yangtze River reach and the evolution of beach and trough is studied. Forecast the evolution trend of Yangtze River channel; 2) study the structure and evaluation system of Yangtze River ecological channel; 3) evaluate the carrying capacity and elevating potential of multifunctional river channel; 4) study the regulation technology of cobble beach group linkage channel in mountainous area under multi-pool regulation. Flood control and navigation coordination in the middle reaches of strong scour channel regulation technology, downstream complex branching channel regulation technology, This paper studies the habitat integration and reconstruction technology of Yangtze River channel regulation project, and constructs ecological friendly waterway regulation mode. Last The five key research contents are divided into eight frontier research directions: 1) the evolution mechanism and trend prediction of Yangtze River channel under the new water and sediment conditions; 2) the structure and evaluation method system of the Yangtze River ecological channel; 3) the Yangtze River golden channel under the multi-objective coordination Loading capacity and lifting potential; (4) regulation technology of pebble beach group linkage channel under multi-storehouse regulation; (5) strong scouring channel regulation technology under flood control and navigation coordination; (6) channel regulation technology in complex branching section; (7) deep water navigation technology in tidal current reach. Channel regulation technology for typical ecological protection section of Yangtze River. Based on the above contents, a preliminary study system of Yangtze River waterway regulation technology is constructed in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for improving the capacity of golden waterway passage.
【作者单位】：长江航道局国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心;重庆交通大学国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心;南京水利科学研究院;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0402100)
【分类号】：U617

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