水下盾构隧道纵向抗震性能分析及SMA柔性减震节点研究
发布时间：2018-10-30 06:45
【摘要】：随着城市建设的发展和地下空间的开发,大型水下盾构隧道正朝着超长、大断面、高水压和地质条件复杂的方向发展,这对盾构隧道的抗震研究提出了更高的要求和挑战。然而,过去人们普遍认为,地下结构受周围土体约束,较难受到地震灾害的影响,导致地下结构的抗震研究严重滞后于地上结构。盾构隧道作为地下结构的重要组成部分,其整体纵向抗震的研究相对较少,且大型盾构法隧道结构系统尚未真正经受强震作用的考验。为保障高烈度区大型盾构法隧道的安全,探索新型有效的隧道抗震、减震措施十分有必要。本文依托某大型水下盾构隧道工程,结合盾构隧道纵向抗震相关理论,建立能反映盾构隧道整体纵向受力特性的有限元模型,分析结构在地震作用下的动力响应;针对隧道沿纵向土层变换处,环缝接头张开量超过防水限值的情况,提出了一种“哑铃式”形状记忆合金(SMA)柔性减震节点,布置于盾构隧道管环薄弱位置,并开展一系列不同SMA材料形式的力学性能试验,探讨SMA柔性减震节点用于隧道的可行性。具体研究内容如下:(1)归纳、总结盾构隧道纵向抗震计算常见的分析模型和分析方法,对不同分析模型和分析方法优缺点、适用条件进行对比,并给出隧道接头弹簧参数的计算方法;通过总结地震动参数确定方法和人工合成地震波相关理论,以及ANSYS/LS-DYNA的无反射边界理论,确定可以采用时域法生成谱拟合人工地震波及得到粘性人工边界,为后续隧道纵向抗震奠定理论基础。(2)依托某大型水下盾构隧道工程,采用梁-弹簧模型理论,利用ABAQUS软件,建立盾构隧道整体纵向有限元模型;基于经典广义反应位移法及无反射边界(non-reflecting boundary)理论,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,建立隧道位置处土体三维有限元模型,分析得到土体的位移时程响应,并将该位移响应通过地层弹簧赋予盾构隧道纵向梁-弹簧模型;进而对在不同地震波作用下的盾构隧道进行整体纵向地震响应分析。(3)盾构隧道纵向地震响应分析表明,隧道沿纵向土层变换处,环缝接头张开量超过防水限值。基于此问题,本文提出了一种“哑铃式”形状记忆合金柔性盾构隧道减震节点,结合局部接头螺栓加强,对隧道结构进行减震效果分析,效果良好。为考查这种SMA柔性减震节点的工程使用可行性,本文开展了一系列不同形式的SMA力学性能试验,包括SMA丝、棒、绞线和不同形式板材,通过对比分析其主要力学性能指标,选择SMA直实心板作为工程可实施应用对象。实际SMA性能结果的减震计算也显示了较好的减震效果,从而为SMA柔性减震节点应用于隧道工程项目,提供了有效的参考和依据。
[Abstract]:With the development of urban construction and the development of underground space, large underwater shield tunnel is developing towards the direction of super long, large section, high water pressure and complex geological conditions, which puts forward higher requirements and challenges to the seismic research of shield tunnel. However, in the past, it was generally believed that the underground structure is restricted by the surrounding soil, so it is difficult to be affected by the earthquake disaster, resulting in the seismic research of the underground structure lagging behind the ground structure seriously. As an important part of underground structure, the longitudinal seismic research of shield tunnel is relatively few, and the large shield tunnel structure system has not really withstood the test of strong earthquake. In order to ensure the safety of large shield tunneling in high intensity area, it is necessary to explore new and effective aseismic tunnel. In this paper, based on a large underwater shield tunnel project, a finite element model which can reflect the longitudinal stress characteristics of shield tunnel is established, and the dynamic response of the structure under earthquake is analyzed by combining the longitudinal seismic theory of shield tunnel. In view of the situation that the opening capacity of the ring joint exceeds the waterproof limit, a "dumbbell" shape memory alloy (SMA) flexible damping joint is proposed, which is arranged in the weak position of the tube ring of the shield tunnel. A series of mechanical properties tests of different SMA materials were carried out to discuss the feasibility of using SMA flexible damping joints in tunnels. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) summing up the common analysis models and methods of longitudinal seismic calculation of shield tunnel, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different analysis models and analysis methods, and the applicable conditions. The calculation method of spring parameters of tunnel joint is given. By summing up the method of determining parameters of ground motion and the theory of synthetic seismic wave and ANSYS/LS-DYNA 's theory of non-reflection boundary, it is determined that the artificial seismic boundary can be obtained by using time-domain method to generate spectrum fitting artificial seismic wave. It lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent longitudinal seismic resistance of the tunnel. (2) based on a large underwater shield tunnel project, the whole longitudinal finite element model of shield tunnel is established by using the beam-spring model theory and ABAQUS software. Based on the classical generalized response displacement method and the theory of non-reflective boundary (non-reflecting boundary), the three-dimensional finite element model of soil mass at tunnel location is established by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, and the displacement time-history response of soil is obtained. The displacement response is given to the longitudinal beam-spring model of shield tunnel through the ground spring. Then the longitudinal seismic response of shield tunnel under different seismic waves is analyzed. (3) the longitudinal seismic response analysis of shield tunnel shows that the opening quantity of ring joint exceeds the waterproof limit value. Based on this problem, a kind of "dumbbell" shape memory alloy flexible shield tunnel damping joint is proposed in this paper. In order to test the engineering feasibility of the SMA flexible damping joint, a series of different kinds of SMA mechanical properties tests were carried out, including SMA wire, bar, stranded wire and different forms of plate. The main mechanical performance indexes were compared and analyzed. SMA solid board is chosen as the object of engineering application. The calculation of the actual SMA performance results also shows a good damping effect, which provides an effective reference and basis for the application of SMA flexible damping joints in tunnel projects.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U459.5;U452.28
[Abstract]:With the development of urban construction and the development of underground space, large underwater shield tunnel is developing towards the direction of super long, large section, high water pressure and complex geological conditions, which puts forward higher requirements and challenges to the seismic research of shield tunnel. However, in the past, it was generally believed that the underground structure is restricted by the surrounding soil, so it is difficult to be affected by the earthquake disaster, resulting in the seismic research of the underground structure lagging behind the ground structure seriously. As an important part of underground structure, the longitudinal seismic research of shield tunnel is relatively few, and the large shield tunnel structure system has not really withstood the test of strong earthquake. In order to ensure the safety of large shield tunneling in high intensity area, it is necessary to explore new and effective aseismic tunnel. In this paper, based on a large underwater shield tunnel project, a finite element model which can reflect the longitudinal stress characteristics of shield tunnel is established, and the dynamic response of the structure under earthquake is analyzed by combining the longitudinal seismic theory of shield tunnel. In view of the situation that the opening capacity of the ring joint exceeds the waterproof limit, a "dumbbell" shape memory alloy (SMA) flexible damping joint is proposed, which is arranged in the weak position of the tube ring of the shield tunnel. A series of mechanical properties tests of different SMA materials were carried out to discuss the feasibility of using SMA flexible damping joints in tunnels. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) summing up the common analysis models and methods of longitudinal seismic calculation of shield tunnel, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different analysis models and analysis methods, and the applicable conditions. The calculation method of spring parameters of tunnel joint is given. By summing up the method of determining parameters of ground motion and the theory of synthetic seismic wave and ANSYS/LS-DYNA 's theory of non-reflection boundary, it is determined that the artificial seismic boundary can be obtained by using time-domain method to generate spectrum fitting artificial seismic wave. It lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent longitudinal seismic resistance of the tunnel. (2) based on a large underwater shield tunnel project, the whole longitudinal finite element model of shield tunnel is established by using the beam-spring model theory and ABAQUS software. Based on the classical generalized response displacement method and the theory of non-reflective boundary (non-reflecting boundary), the three-dimensional finite element model of soil mass at tunnel location is established by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, and the displacement time-history response of soil is obtained. The displacement response is given to the longitudinal beam-spring model of shield tunnel through the ground spring. Then the longitudinal seismic response of shield tunnel under different seismic waves is analyzed. (3) the longitudinal seismic response analysis of shield tunnel shows that the opening quantity of ring joint exceeds the waterproof limit value. Based on this problem, a kind of "dumbbell" shape memory alloy flexible shield tunnel damping joint is proposed in this paper. In order to test the engineering feasibility of the SMA flexible damping joint, a series of different kinds of SMA mechanical properties tests were carried out, including SMA wire, bar, stranded wire and different forms of plate. The main mechanical performance indexes were compared and analyzed. SMA solid board is chosen as the object of engineering application. The calculation of the actual SMA performance results also shows a good damping effect, which provides an effective reference and basis for the application of SMA flexible damping joints in tunnel projects.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U459.5;U452.28
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