双壁钢围堰自旋浮筒桥墩防撞装置的设计和数值模拟

发布时间：2018-11-13 18:32

【摘要】：一直以来,船桥碰撞问题普遍存在。最初由于船舶尺寸和吨位小、行驶速度慢,事故损失不大,没有被重视。但随着时代的发展,船舶规模增大,行驶速度提高,船只密度增大,造成了碰撞事故频率增大,导致了严重的经济和生命的损失。目前桥墩防撞装置的研究主要集中在大型桥梁,针对中小型桥梁桥墩防撞装置的专门研究较少,而有研究指出,在近几十年中,中小型老旧桥梁的翻新和维修都将会是一个大的工程需求,因此做了如下工作：首先,设计了双壁钢围堰自旋浮筒桥墩防撞装置,利用双壁钢围堰将船舶与桥墩直接隔离,自旋浮筒拨转船行方向,以及二者的共同变形来减小船撞桥事故的危害；其次,选取正撞和斜撞两个工况,以1000DWT级货船为例与防撞装置建立碰撞的有限元模型,运用经典有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA分析了两个工况下碰撞过程中的碰撞力、能量交换和应力变形等数据的特点和规律,通过碰撞模拟分析可知,该保护方式思路正确,作用良好。同时进一步研究了不同壁厚的浮筒和双壁钢围堰对防撞功效的影响,最终根据碰撞数据结果对防撞装置进行了总结。数值模拟计算的有效性和准确性与软件的操作联系紧密,相信随着今后对软件的进一步深入学习和经验累积,建立的模型和计算结果会更加准确,能更好的为运河桥梁防撞设计提供更有价值的参考。
[Abstract]:All the time, the collision problem of ship and bridge is widespread. At first, due to the small size and tonnage of the ship, slow speed and little accident loss, it was not paid attention to. However, with the development of the times, the scale of ships increases, the speed increases, the density of ships increases, and the frequency of collision accidents increases, resulting in serious economic and life losses. At present, the research on anti-collision devices of bridge piers is mainly focused on large bridges, but the special research on anti-collision devices of bridge piers of small and medium-sized bridges is relatively few. However, some studies have pointed out that in recent decades, The renovation and maintenance of old and medium-sized bridges will be a big engineering demand, so the following work has been done: firstly, the anti-collision device of double-wall steel cofferdam spin-floating pontoon pier is designed, and the ship is directly isolated from the bridge pier by using double-wall steel cofferdam. The spin buoy dials the direction of the ship and the joint deformation of the two to reduce the damage caused by the collision of the ship with the bridge. Secondly, taking the 1000DWT class cargo ship as an example to establish the finite element model of collision with the anti-collision device, the collision force in the collision process under the two working conditions is analyzed by using the classical finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The characteristics and rules of energy exchange and stress and deformation data are analyzed by collision simulation. It is shown that the protection method is correct and works well. At the same time, the effects of different wall thickness buoy and double wall steel cofferdam on the anti-collision effect are further studied. Finally, the anti-collision device is summarized according to the collision data. The validity and accuracy of the numerical simulation are closely related to the operation of the software. It is believed that with the further study and experience accumulation of the software in the future, the established model and calculation results will be more accurate. Can provide a more valuable reference for the design of canal bridge collision prevention.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U445.556

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