橡胶颗粒和硅藻土复合改性沥青混合料破冰试验研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 12:58

【摘要】：吉林省地处季节性冰冻地区，冬季降雪频繁，导致城市桥梁路面经常出现结冰现象，目前要采取的除冰雪手段是在降雪后及时撒布除雪剂，虽然能够起到一定的除冰雪效果，但长期撒布会对桥面服务水平造成不良影响。因此，提出一种适用于季冻区城市桥梁桥面铺装的新型材料具有重要实际意义。废旧橡胶轮胎的掩埋及堆放会严重污染环境，将废旧橡胶轮胎经过一定的加工工艺制成橡胶颗粒，掺入沥青混合料中铺筑路面是一种重要的处理方式。硅藻土作为一种工业矿料，在吉林省分布广泛，其作为一种良好的沥青无机改性剂已经得到较多学者的验证。对这些材料进行综合开发利用具有良好的环保价值和经济效益。将橡胶颗粒和硅藻土采用一定的工艺掺配入沥青混合料中，开发一种新型的橡胶颗粒和硅藻土复合改性沥青混合料，用于季冻区城市桥梁桥面铺装，可有效提高桥面破冰能力，有利于节约资源、保护环境，促进城市绿色生态桥梁的建设。本文依托吉林省重大科技攻关计划项目“季冻区桥梁绿色生态桥面铺装材料研究及产品开发”，主要在以下几个方面进行研究：（1）根据设计目标确定级配形式和橡胶颗粒及硅藻土改性剂的合理掺量，并优化混合料制备工艺；（2）对复合改性沥青混合料进行马歇尔试验，，对橡胶颗粒、硅藻土以及不同级配对混合料体积参数及力学指标的影响进行研究；（3）对复合改性沥青混合料在不同橡胶颗粒含量以及不同温度条件下的弹性模量进行研究；（4）采用破冰模拟试验机对不同碾压次数、不同橡胶颗粒粒径、不同冰层厚度、不同试验温度、不同荷载频率等条件下的复合改性沥青混合料试件进行破冰试验，并通过边缘检测图片处理技术提取冰层破损率，作为破冰性能的评价指标；（5）采用破冰模拟试验机对复合改性沥青混合料进行除雪效果研究；（6）利用SPSS数据分析软件对复合改性沥青混合料破冰试件的冰层破碎率与破冰条件的相关性进行研究。
[Abstract]:Jilin Province is located in the seasonal frozen area, with frequent snowfall in winter, which often leads to the phenomenon of icing on the road surface of urban bridges. At present, the ice and snow removal method to be adopted is to distribute snow remover in time after snowfall, although it can play a certain role in removing ice and snow. But long-term spreading will have a negative impact on the level of bridge deck services. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to propose a new material for bridge deck pavement in seasonal frozen areas. The burying and stacking of waste rubber tires will seriously pollute the environment. It is an important way to make rubber particles from waste rubber tires and add them into asphalt mixture to pave the pavement. Diatomite, as a kind of industrial mineral material, is widely distributed in Jilin Province. As a good inorganic modifier of asphalt, diatomite has been verified by many scholars. The comprehensive development and utilization of these materials has good environmental protection value and economic benefit. The rubber particle and diatomite are mixed into asphalt mixture with certain technology to develop a new type of rubber particle and diatomite composite modified asphalt mixture, which can be used in the city bridge deck pavement in the seasonal frozen area, which can effectively improve the ice-breaking ability of the bridge deck. It is propitious to save resources, protect environment and promote the construction of urban green ecological bridge. This article relies on Jilin Province important science and technology key project "the season frozen area bridge green ecology bridge deck surfacing material research and the product development", The main contents are as follows: (1) according to the design goal, the gradation form and the reasonable amount of rubber particle and diatomite modifier are determined, and the preparation process of mixture is optimized; (2) Marshall test of compound modified asphalt mixture was carried out to study the effects of rubber particles, diatomite and different grades on the volume parameters and mechanical parameters of the mixture; (3) the elastic modulus of composite modified asphalt mixture under different rubber particle content and different temperature was studied. (4) the ice breaking test of composite modified asphalt mixture under different rolling times, different rubber particle size, different ice thickness, different test temperature, different load frequency, etc. The damage rate of ice layer is extracted by edge detection image processing technology, which is used as the evaluation index of ice-breaking performance. (5) the snow removal effect of composite modified asphalt mixture was studied by using ice breaking simulation test machine. (6) the correlation between ice breaking rate and ice breaking condition of composite modified asphalt mixture was studied by using SPSS data analysis software.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U414

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