维护结构材料对隧道火灾特性的影响研究
发布时间：2018-11-21 09:22
【摘要】：伴随着人们对交通运输的需求日益增大,一大批公路、铁路隧道不断地修建起来,丰富了人们的交通方式。隧道在为生活带来便利的同时,其火灾隐患更加不容忽视。隧道防灭火一直是国内外专家学者研究的重要课题,在发生火灾时,不仅仅需要对隧道内的人员的安全疏散进行保障,同时也要对隧道的结构进行一定的防火维护,从而保护隧道结构不被高温所破坏。常用的隧道防火维护结构采用的多为石棉板、膨胀珍珠岩以及各类防火涂料。而不同的材料对于隧道火灾的影响的研究目前相对较少。本文在吸取了前人工作的基础上,运用了自行设计、搭建的缩小尺寸隧道火灾实验平台,以汽油池火为研究对象,考察了一系列不同维护边界条件、油盆尺寸以及不同纵向通风风速的实验,研究成果如下：(1)对隧道火灾火源热释放速率而言,由于封闭空间热反馈效果增强,其油盆尺寸越大,火源燃烧的时间将会越低；纵向通风对火源热释放速率有一定增强作用,但当风速较大时,其影响并不明显。同时,油盆尺寸较大时,较小的风速对其火源热释放速率影响也较小；(2)小尺寸油盆在不同的边界条件下的热释放速率基本相同,当油盆增大后,由于热反馈效果的增强作用,使热释放速率在石棉板边界条件下有所提升；风速作用下的不同边界条件热释放速率基本相同；(3)边界条件发生变化对火源正上方温度场有着一定的影响,在油盆尺寸较小的情况下,石棉板边界条件的火源竖直方向温度变化与玻璃边界条件竖向温度基本相同,随着油盆尺寸的增加,不同边界条件对于火源竖向温度影响越明显,两者温度的比较可高达150℃。同时,随着油盆的增大也会使火源热释放速率增大；(4)在前人研究基础上,本文通过实验发现边界条件温度的衰减有着一定的影响,故在火灾沿程温度衰减公式中应考虑到不同边界条件,即其导热系数所带来的影响。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for traffic and transportation, a large number of highways and railway tunnels have been built up, enriching people's modes of transportation. Tunnel brings convenience to life at the same time, its fire hidden danger can not be ignored. The fire prevention and extinguishing of tunnel is always an important subject studied by experts and scholars at home and abroad. In case of fire, it is necessary not only to ensure the safe evacuation of the people in the tunnel, but also to maintain the structure of the tunnel against fire. Thus, the tunnel structure is protected from being damaged by high temperature. The commonly used tunnel fire-proof maintenance structure is mostly stone board, expanded perlite and all kinds of fire-proof coatings. However, there are few studies on the influence of different materials on tunnel fire. In this paper, based on the previous work, a self-designed experimental platform for reducing the size of tunnel fire is used to study the gasoline pool fire, and a series of different maintenance boundary conditions are investigated. The experimental results of oil basin size and different longitudinal ventilation wind speed are as follows: (1) for the heat release rate of fire source of tunnel fire, the larger the size of oil basin is, the lower the combustion time of fire source will be due to the enhancement of heat feedback effect in closed space; Longitudinal ventilation has a certain enhancement effect on the heat release rate of fire source, but when the wind speed is large, the effect is not obvious. At the same time, when the size of the oil basin is larger, the smaller wind speed has little effect on the heat release rate of the fire source. (2) the heat release rate of the small oil basin is basically the same under different boundary conditions. When the oil basin increases, the heat release rate increases under the boundary condition of stone and cotton board because of the enhanced effect of thermal feedback; The heat release rate of different boundary conditions under the action of wind speed is basically the same. (3) the change of boundary conditions has a certain influence on the temperature field over the fire source. When the size of the oil basin is small, the vertical temperature change of the fire source is basically the same as the vertical temperature of the glass boundary condition. With the increase of the oil basin size, the effect of different boundary conditions on the vertical temperature of the fire source is more obvious, and the comparison of the two temperatures can be as high as 150 鈩，
本文编号：2346547
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for traffic and transportation, a large number of highways and railway tunnels have been built up, enriching people's modes of transportation. Tunnel brings convenience to life at the same time, its fire hidden danger can not be ignored. The fire prevention and extinguishing of tunnel is always an important subject studied by experts and scholars at home and abroad. In case of fire, it is necessary not only to ensure the safe evacuation of the people in the tunnel, but also to maintain the structure of the tunnel against fire. Thus, the tunnel structure is protected from being damaged by high temperature. The commonly used tunnel fire-proof maintenance structure is mostly stone board, expanded perlite and all kinds of fire-proof coatings. However, there are few studies on the influence of different materials on tunnel fire. In this paper, based on the previous work, a self-designed experimental platform for reducing the size of tunnel fire is used to study the gasoline pool fire, and a series of different maintenance boundary conditions are investigated. The experimental results of oil basin size and different longitudinal ventilation wind speed are as follows: (1) for the heat release rate of fire source of tunnel fire, the larger the size of oil basin is, the lower the combustion time of fire source will be due to the enhancement of heat feedback effect in closed space; Longitudinal ventilation has a certain enhancement effect on the heat release rate of fire source, but when the wind speed is large, the effect is not obvious. At the same time, when the size of the oil basin is larger, the smaller wind speed has little effect on the heat release rate of the fire source. (2) the heat release rate of the small oil basin is basically the same under different boundary conditions. When the oil basin increases, the heat release rate increases under the boundary condition of stone and cotton board because of the enhanced effect of thermal feedback; The heat release rate of different boundary conditions under the action of wind speed is basically the same. (3) the change of boundary conditions has a certain influence on the temperature field over the fire source. When the size of the oil basin is small, the vertical temperature change of the fire source is basically the same as the vertical temperature of the glass boundary condition. With the increase of the oil basin size, the effect of different boundary conditions on the vertical temperature of the fire source is more obvious, and the comparison of the two temperatures can be as high as 150 鈩，
本文编号：2346547
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