城市交通干线协调优化控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-12-14 22:52

【摘要】：随着社会经济水平不断提高和汽车工业飞速发展,私家车数量越来越多,拥堵的交通造成出行者行程的延误,并极大的浪费社会生产力。如何缓解交通拥挤的现状,提高交通运输系统的运行效率成为世界各国亟待解决的问题。利用现有的资源,通过设计高效的交通信号优化控制策略,最大程度发挥交通效益具有重要意义。本文结合现代城市交通的发展需求与技术特点,在研究交通信号控制系统的基础上,建立交通干线系统的车流模型与延误模型,并深入研究交通信号协调控的优化。主要工作如下:首先,研究城市交通系统的特点,对交通信号的控制参数、控制方式进行详细研究,并分析延误时间、停车次数和车辆排队长度等几种交通灯协调控制系统的评价指标。根据不同的实际交通情况对城市交通系统进行分类,给出交通灯设置的实际依据。其次,选取城市交通系统中地位较为重要的干线系统为研究对象,通过研究干线系统的形成、特点和协调控制的约束条件等基本理论,明确干线系统的控制目的,建立交通干线控制系统的延误模型。通过引入变量将总延误模型按照控制者需求分为单向绿波控制、双向绿波控制、协调相位和非协调相位控制。再次,针对交通干线控制系统延误模型特点,提出基于历史最优位置加权的粒子群优化算法,在算法中引用历史最优信息,共享优良资源。并通过测试函数验证该算法能够改善传统粒子群算法的性能,提高收敛速度并防止其陷入局部最优解。最后,以秦皇岛主干线为例,采集路段真实信息和数据,利用本文提出的历史最优位置加权粒子群算法对模型进行优化,仿真结果与传统定时控制方案对比表明该策略显著地缩小了干线延误时间,提高了通行效率,取得了良好的效果。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of social economic level and the rapid development of automobile industry, the number of private cars is increasing, the traffic congestion caused by the delay of travel, and a great waste of social productivity. How to alleviate the current situation of traffic congestion and improve the efficiency of transportation system has become an urgent problem all over the world. It is of great significance to use existing resources and design efficient traffic signal optimal control strategies to maximize traffic efficiency. In this paper, based on the research of traffic signal control system, the traffic flow model and delay model of traffic trunk line system are established, and the optimization of traffic signal coregulation is deeply studied. The main work is as follows: firstly, the characteristics of urban traffic system are studied, the control parameters and control methods of traffic signal are studied in detail, and the delay time is analyzed. The evaluation indexes of several traffic lights coordinated control systems, such as parking times and vehicle queue length. According to different traffic conditions, the urban traffic system is classified, and the practical basis of traffic light setting is given. Secondly, select the important trunk line system in the urban traffic system as the research object, through the study of the formation of the trunk line system, characteristics and coordinated control constraints and other basic theories, make clear the control purpose of the trunk line system. The delay model of traffic trunk control system is established. By introducing variables, the total delay model is divided into one-way green wave control, bidirectional green wave control, coordinated phase control and non-coordinated phase control according to the needs of the controller. Thirdly, according to the characteristics of delay model of traffic trunk line control system, a particle swarm optimization algorithm based on historical optimal position weighting is proposed, in which historical optimal information is used to share excellent resources. The test results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the performance of the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm, improve the convergence speed and prevent it from falling into the local optimal solution. Finally, taking Qinhuangdao main line as an example, the real information and data are collected, and the model is optimized by using the historical optimal position weighted particle swarm optimization algorithm proposed in this paper. Compared with the traditional timing control scheme, the simulation results show that the proposed strategy can significantly reduce the delay time of the trunk line, improve the traffic efficiency and achieve good results.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.54;TP273

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