高速公路隧道出入口车辆安全运行顺适过渡理论相关基础研究
发布时间：2019-01-02 16:44
【摘要】：隧道和桥梁作为山区高速公路最为常见的两种典型结构物,本身就具有事故高发的特性。然而,当不同的典型结构物相连接的时候,这种现象将尤为突出。如何使在动态环境下,驾驶员-车辆-道路环境能够协调一致,车辆能够通顺和安全地经过隧道出入口过渡段,且保证驾驶舒适性和安全可靠性是目前一个值得研究的课题。本文以高速公路典型隧道出入口过渡段为研究对象,从多个方面研究其行车顺适过渡的相关理论基础。第一,论文对国内外研究现状进行了详细综述,对比分析了典型结构物过渡段行车安全顺适过渡方面的研究不足,提出本文研究思路和实验构架。开展了基础研究,提出了顺适过渡的内涵表征。研究主要包括:一是从人、车、路、环境四个方面展开论述,分析了影响隧道出入口行车顺适机理的因素;二是通过对128起隧道出入口典型交通事故的统计分析,进一步研究了隧道出入口的行车安全特性;三是从交通流特性角度出发,研究了隧道出入口交通流状态及表征参数的变化特性;四是从驾驶员生心理负荷一致性、交通流状态一致性、道路基础设施一致性、交通安全特性一致性等四个方面构建了顺适过渡理论基础框架的表征。第二,采用虚实结合的方法设计了隧道出入口行车过程实验方案,采集了隧道出入口行车过程中驾驶员的生心理特征参数数据、行车速度及变化特性数据,并对实验数据进行了深度挖掘分析,构建了基于实验数据的函数表征。主要包括三部分内容。一是从整体上说明实验方案的设计过程和实施过程;二是对隧道出入口驾驶员眼动特性实验数据进行分析,并构建相应的表征函数;三是对隧道出入口行车速度的变化特性进行分析,构建相应的表征函数。第三,在已有研究基础上,基于VISSIM建立隧道出入口行车仿真平台,同时构建隧道出入口交通流微观模型,以此分析隧道出入口交通流特性。研究主要包括:一是界定隧道出入口自由流和非自由流的划分界限,从线形影响、隧道出入口期望速度、隧道出入口亮度影响修正等三个方面构建自由流状态下隧道出入口速度预测模型;二是分析隧道出入口跟驰特性,构建隧道出入口交通流跟驰模型,并进行了稳定性分析;三是基于VISSIM构建虚拟仿真平台,对所构建的跟驰模型进行了参数标定;四是在以上研究的基础上,分析了隧道出入口交通流宏观特性。第四,构建了隧道出入口行车顺适过渡特性的评价体系,并提出了相关应用的关键技术,并进行案例分析。主要内容包括:一是从隧道出入口顺适过渡理论内涵表征出发,构建其评价体系;二是研究分析顺适过渡理论的应用关键技术,主要包括平纵线形一致性参数取值研究、横断面过渡技术研究、照明优化技术研究、交通管理控制设施研究;三是选择合适的工程案例,对以上所研究的关键技术进行了验证和分析。
[Abstract]:As the two most common structures of mountain highway, tunnels and bridges have the characteristics of high incidence of accidents. However, this phenomenon will be particularly prominent when different typical structures are joined together. How to make the driver-vehicle-road environment in harmony, how to pass through the transition section of tunnel entrance and exit smoothly and safely, and how to ensure driving comfort and safety reliability is a subject worth studying at present. Taking the transition section of the entrance and exit of a typical expressway tunnel as the research object, this paper studies the relevant theoretical basis of the traffic smooth transition from many aspects. Firstly, the research status at home and abroad is summarized in detail, and the lack of research on the safety and comfort transition of typical structure transition section is analyzed, and the research ideas and experimental framework are put forward. The basic research was carried out and the connotation of smooth transition was presented. The research mainly includes: first, from the human, the vehicle, the road, the environment four aspects to launch the elaboration, has analyzed the influence tunnel entrance and exit traveling smooth mechanism factor; Second, through the statistical analysis of 128 typical traffic accidents at the tunnel entrance and exit, the traffic safety characteristics of the tunnel entrance and exit are further studied. Thirdly, from the point of view of traffic flow characteristics, the change characteristics of traffic flow state and parameters at tunnel entrance and exit are studied. Fourthly, the basic framework of the theory of smooth transition is constructed from four aspects: the consistency of drivers' psychological load, the consistency of traffic flow state, the consistency of road infrastructure and the consistency of traffic safety characteristics. Secondly, the experimental scheme of tunnel entrance and exit driving process is designed by using the method of combination of virtual and real, and the data of drivers' psychological characteristics, driving speed and variation characteristics are collected in the course of tunnel entrance and exit driving. The experimental data are analyzed in depth, and the function representation based on the experimental data is constructed. It mainly includes three parts. The first is to explain the design process and implementation process of the experimental scheme as a whole, the second is to analyze the experimental data of the eye movement characteristics of the tunnel driver, and to construct the corresponding representation function. The third is to analyze the changing characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit speed, and construct the corresponding representation function. Thirdly, on the basis of existing research, the simulation platform of tunnel entrance and exit traffic flow is established based on VISSIM, and the microscopic model of tunnel entrance traffic flow is constructed to analyze the traffic flow characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit. The main research includes: one is to define the boundary between the free flow and non-free flow at the tunnel entrance and exit, from the linear effect, the expected velocity at the tunnel entrance. The prediction model of tunnel entrance velocity under free flow condition is constructed from three aspects, such as the influence of tunnel entrance brightness on the correction of tunnel entrance and exit luminance. The second is to analyze the characteristics of tunnel entrances and exits, to construct the traffic flow following model of tunnel entrances and exits, and to analyze the stability, the third is to construct a virtual simulation platform based on VISSIM, and calibrate the parameters of the car-following model. Fourthly, on the basis of the above research, the macroscopic characteristics of the traffic flow at the tunnel entrance and exit are analyzed. Fourthly, the evaluation system of the smooth transition characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit vehicle is constructed, and the relevant key technologies are put forward, and a case study is carried out. The main contents are as follows: one is to construct the evaluation system based on the connotation representation of tunnel entrance and exit smooth transition theory; The second is to study and analyze the key technologies of the application of the smooth transition theory, mainly including the research of the parameters of the alignment of horizontal and longitudinal lines, the cross-section transition technology, the lighting optimization technology, the traffic management and control facilities. Thirdly, the key technologies studied above are verified and analyzed by selecting appropriate engineering cases.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
本文编号：2398734
[Abstract]:As the two most common structures of mountain highway, tunnels and bridges have the characteristics of high incidence of accidents. However, this phenomenon will be particularly prominent when different typical structures are joined together. How to make the driver-vehicle-road environment in harmony, how to pass through the transition section of tunnel entrance and exit smoothly and safely, and how to ensure driving comfort and safety reliability is a subject worth studying at present. Taking the transition section of the entrance and exit of a typical expressway tunnel as the research object, this paper studies the relevant theoretical basis of the traffic smooth transition from many aspects. Firstly, the research status at home and abroad is summarized in detail, and the lack of research on the safety and comfort transition of typical structure transition section is analyzed, and the research ideas and experimental framework are put forward. The basic research was carried out and the connotation of smooth transition was presented. The research mainly includes: first, from the human, the vehicle, the road, the environment four aspects to launch the elaboration, has analyzed the influence tunnel entrance and exit traveling smooth mechanism factor; Second, through the statistical analysis of 128 typical traffic accidents at the tunnel entrance and exit, the traffic safety characteristics of the tunnel entrance and exit are further studied. Thirdly, from the point of view of traffic flow characteristics, the change characteristics of traffic flow state and parameters at tunnel entrance and exit are studied. Fourthly, the basic framework of the theory of smooth transition is constructed from four aspects: the consistency of drivers' psychological load, the consistency of traffic flow state, the consistency of road infrastructure and the consistency of traffic safety characteristics. Secondly, the experimental scheme of tunnel entrance and exit driving process is designed by using the method of combination of virtual and real, and the data of drivers' psychological characteristics, driving speed and variation characteristics are collected in the course of tunnel entrance and exit driving. The experimental data are analyzed in depth, and the function representation based on the experimental data is constructed. It mainly includes three parts. The first is to explain the design process and implementation process of the experimental scheme as a whole, the second is to analyze the experimental data of the eye movement characteristics of the tunnel driver, and to construct the corresponding representation function. The third is to analyze the changing characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit speed, and construct the corresponding representation function. Thirdly, on the basis of existing research, the simulation platform of tunnel entrance and exit traffic flow is established based on VISSIM, and the microscopic model of tunnel entrance traffic flow is constructed to analyze the traffic flow characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit. The main research includes: one is to define the boundary between the free flow and non-free flow at the tunnel entrance and exit, from the linear effect, the expected velocity at the tunnel entrance. The prediction model of tunnel entrance velocity under free flow condition is constructed from three aspects, such as the influence of tunnel entrance brightness on the correction of tunnel entrance and exit luminance. The second is to analyze the characteristics of tunnel entrances and exits, to construct the traffic flow following model of tunnel entrances and exits, and to analyze the stability, the third is to construct a virtual simulation platform based on VISSIM, and calibrate the parameters of the car-following model. Fourthly, on the basis of the above research, the macroscopic characteristics of the traffic flow at the tunnel entrance and exit are analyzed. Fourthly, the evaluation system of the smooth transition characteristics of tunnel entrance and exit vehicle is constructed, and the relevant key technologies are put forward, and a case study is carried out. The main contents are as follows: one is to construct the evaluation system based on the connotation representation of tunnel entrance and exit smooth transition theory; The second is to study and analyze the key technologies of the application of the smooth transition theory, mainly including the research of the parameters of the alignment of horizontal and longitudinal lines, the cross-section transition technology, the lighting optimization technology, the traffic management and control facilities. Thirdly, the key technologies studied above are verified and analyzed by selecting appropriate engineering cases.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 赵炜华;刘浩学;;高速公路长隧道夜间出口照明优化研究[J];青岛理工大学学报;2012年05期
2 刘清;道路交通安全等级评价与实例分析[J];交通科技;2002年03期
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