慢行交通的可适性分析和设计方法研究
发布时间：2019-01-04 09:27
【摘要】：随着城市治堵工程的推进、绿色出行和低碳交通理念的倡导与发展,城市慢行交通(即步行和自行车交通)越来越受到人们的关注。然而,在实际中大多城市现有的自行车道等慢行交通基础设施设置科学性欠缺,使得城市居民日常出行时选择自行车的人数较少。为加快慢行交通的发展,提升慢行交通分担率,如何合理地设置慢行交通中的隔离设施来改善慢行交通出行环境,在对道路资源少占用的基础上,寻求机动车交通与非机动车交通的平衡点,显得尤为重要。因此,本文从慢行交通系统中物理隔离设施的适用条件入手,分四部分展开研究。第一部分,对慢行交通相关理论进行概述。首先介绍慢行交通的定义、特点及方式划分,并根据研究需要,对慢行交通的重要组成部分——自行车的交通流特性进行分析;然后,对慢行交通设施的界定、分类及存在问题进行了分析,提出设置机非隔离设施的必要性。第二部分,分析机动车对慢行交通的影响。首先,描述了机非混行路段上机动车对自行车的干扰行为,并将干扰方式细分为摩擦干扰与阻滞干扰;然后重点分情况讨论了不同干扰产生的原因、作用机理以及产生的后果;最后通过现场调查,选用速度和延误两个指标来将机动车对自行车干扰的因素进行量化分析。第三部分,研究慢行交通隔离设施的适用条件。首先运用VISSIM仿真软件建立机非混行路段的仿真模型,以评价指标来检验仿真模型与实际情况的吻合度,通过调整参数设置来修正仿真模型;然后,根据研究需要,多次调整仿真参数(主要指机动车与自行车之间的主要干扰因素:车道宽度、总交通量、机动车与自行车的混合比例等),得到不同情况下路段的仿真运行数据;最后,根据VISSIM仿真结果,选择临界延误作为机非隔离设施设置的标准,通过对路段延误的变化规律研究,得到机动车和自行车相互干扰程度的突变点,对比分析不同车道宽度下设置机动车和自行车物理隔离设施的适用条件。第四部分,研究慢行交通(主要是针对自行车道)的优化设计。首先,介绍改善自行车道的基本原则和设计标准;然后,研究自行车道与机动车道的协调设计问题,提出在道路资源有限的情况下设置机非物理隔离设施时,可以考虑适当调整机动车道宽度以满足自行车通行宽度设计要求的观点,并对其可行性进行了分析;最后,研究自行车道与公交站点的协调设计,提出在公交站点位置如何统筹安排道路资源以减少自行车和公交车相互干扰的方法。
[Abstract]:With the promotion of the urban plugging project, the promotion and development of the concept of green travel and low-carbon transportation, people pay more and more attention to the slow traffic (that is, walking and bicycle traffic). However, in practice, most of the existing urban slow traffic infrastructure such as bicycle lanes is not scientific enough, which makes the number of urban residents choose bicycle less. In order to speed up the development of slow traffic and promote the sharing rate of slow traffic, how to reasonably set up isolation facilities in slow traffic to improve the travel environment of slow traffic, on the basis of less occupation of road resources, It is very important to seek the balance point between motor vehicle traffic and non-motor vehicle traffic. Therefore, this paper starts with the suitable conditions of physical isolation facilities in slow-moving traffic system, and it is divided into four parts. The first part summarizes the theory of slow-moving traffic. Firstly, the definition, characteristics and ways of slow traffic are introduced, and the traffic flow characteristics of bicycle, an important component of slow traffic, are analyzed according to the need of research. Then, the definition, classification and existing problems of slow-moving transportation facilities are analyzed, and the necessity of setting non-isolation facilities is put forward. The second part analyzes the impact of motor vehicles on slow traffic. First of all, the paper describes the interference behavior of motor vehicle to bicycle on the unmixed road, and divides the interference mode into friction interference and block interference, and then discusses the causes, mechanism and consequences of different interference. Finally, through the field investigation, speed and delay are selected to analyze the factors of vehicle disturbance to the bicycle quantificationally. The third part, study the suitable conditions of slow-moving traffic isolation facilities. Firstly, the simulation model of the unmixed section of the machine is established by using the VISSIM simulation software, and the simulation model is corrected by adjusting the parameter setting to verify the consistency between the simulation model and the actual situation. Then, according to the needs of the research, the simulation parameters are adjusted several times (mainly referring to the main interference factors between the motor vehicle and the bicycle: lane width, total traffic volume, the mix ratio of motor vehicle and bicycle, etc.), The simulation operation data of different conditions are obtained. Finally, according to the simulation results of VISSIM, the critical delay is chosen as the standard of setting the non-isolating equipment, and the abrupt point of mutual interference between motor vehicle and bicycle is obtained by studying the variation rule of road delay. The suitable conditions for setting up physical isolation facilities for motor vehicles and bicycles under different lane widths are compared and analyzed. The fourth part studies the optimization design of slow-moving traffic (mainly for bicycle lanes). First of all, introduce the basic principles and design criteria for improving bike lanes; Then, the coordinated design of cycle lane and motor lane is studied, and when the road resources are limited, the non-physical isolation device is put forward. We can consider the point of view that adjusting the width of the motorway to meet the requirements of the design of the bicycle traffic width, and analyze its feasibility. Finally, the coordinated design of bicycle lane and bus station is studied, and the method of how to arrange the road resources at the bus stop is put forward to reduce the interference between bicycle and bus.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
本文编号：2400103
[Abstract]:With the promotion of the urban plugging project, the promotion and development of the concept of green travel and low-carbon transportation, people pay more and more attention to the slow traffic (that is, walking and bicycle traffic). However, in practice, most of the existing urban slow traffic infrastructure such as bicycle lanes is not scientific enough, which makes the number of urban residents choose bicycle less. In order to speed up the development of slow traffic and promote the sharing rate of slow traffic, how to reasonably set up isolation facilities in slow traffic to improve the travel environment of slow traffic, on the basis of less occupation of road resources, It is very important to seek the balance point between motor vehicle traffic and non-motor vehicle traffic. Therefore, this paper starts with the suitable conditions of physical isolation facilities in slow-moving traffic system, and it is divided into four parts. The first part summarizes the theory of slow-moving traffic. Firstly, the definition, characteristics and ways of slow traffic are introduced, and the traffic flow characteristics of bicycle, an important component of slow traffic, are analyzed according to the need of research. Then, the definition, classification and existing problems of slow-moving transportation facilities are analyzed, and the necessity of setting non-isolation facilities is put forward. The second part analyzes the impact of motor vehicles on slow traffic. First of all, the paper describes the interference behavior of motor vehicle to bicycle on the unmixed road, and divides the interference mode into friction interference and block interference, and then discusses the causes, mechanism and consequences of different interference. Finally, through the field investigation, speed and delay are selected to analyze the factors of vehicle disturbance to the bicycle quantificationally. The third part, study the suitable conditions of slow-moving traffic isolation facilities. Firstly, the simulation model of the unmixed section of the machine is established by using the VISSIM simulation software, and the simulation model is corrected by adjusting the parameter setting to verify the consistency between the simulation model and the actual situation. Then, according to the needs of the research, the simulation parameters are adjusted several times (mainly referring to the main interference factors between the motor vehicle and the bicycle: lane width, total traffic volume, the mix ratio of motor vehicle and bicycle, etc.), The simulation operation data of different conditions are obtained. Finally, according to the simulation results of VISSIM, the critical delay is chosen as the standard of setting the non-isolating equipment, and the abrupt point of mutual interference between motor vehicle and bicycle is obtained by studying the variation rule of road delay. The suitable conditions for setting up physical isolation facilities for motor vehicles and bicycles under different lane widths are compared and analyzed. The fourth part studies the optimization design of slow-moving traffic (mainly for bicycle lanes). First of all, introduce the basic principles and design criteria for improving bike lanes; Then, the coordinated design of cycle lane and motor lane is studied, and when the road resources are limited, the non-physical isolation device is put forward. We can consider the point of view that adjusting the width of the motorway to meet the requirements of the design of the bicycle traffic width, and analyze its feasibility. Finally, the coordinated design of bicycle lane and bus station is studied, and the method of how to arrange the road resources at the bus stop is put forward to reduce the interference between bicycle and bus.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 龚迪嘉;公共自行车交通系统在上海和长沙的应用机制研究[D];湖南大学;2009年
，本文编号：2400103
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