基于互联网的同城配送车货匹配模式及路径优化研究

发布时间：2019-01-06 20:11

【摘要】：随着信息技术的快速发展,以及移动终端的不断普及,我国已全面进入"互联网+"时代,"互联网+物流"的新业态也应运而生。为了充分利用社会闲散运力资源,避免同城配送中"分单"运输带来的运力资源浪费,本文打破传统"分单"配送方式,考虑将确定性配送订单与随机性配送订单进行"拼单"配送。归纳总结了目前国内典型车货匹配模式,并提出目前适合当下"互联网+"时代背景的创新型车货匹配模式(下文简称"创新模式"),并在此基础上对配送路径优化进行建模和求解。首先,总结归纳了国内外关于基于互联网的物流平台、车货匹配模式和配送路径优化的研究现状,并结合目前我国车货匹配运作现状,详尽的归纳总结出目前国内5类经典车货匹配模式,分析各模式运作流程、盈利模式、优缺点及适用范围,在此基础上,构建基于互联网的同城配送创新型车货匹配模式。然后,结合"创新模式"和现实配送需求场景(确定性+随机性配送需求),构建基于"创新模式"的同城配送路径优化模型,并使用改进禁忌搜索算法对带时间窗的同时取送货问题进行优化求解,利用算例验证本算法的可行性和有效性。且针对随机性配送需求,采用两大策略的局部搜索启发式算法来支援动态环境下的配送路径优化。最后,将模型和算法应用到当下同城配送实际场景中,对上海市某日的同城配送路径进行优化求解。通过与传统"分单"直接派车运输求解结果进行对比,得出结论:在基于互联网的"创新模式"下,确定性需求和随机性需求"拼单"运输可以大大的缩短系统总体配送时间,减少车辆使用数,实现节能减耗,提高社会运力资源的利用率,进而降低社会物流成本。也说明本文构建的"创新模式"在同城配送中具有显著优越性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology and the continuous popularization of mobile terminals, China has entered the "Internet" era, "Internet logistics" new business type also came into being. In order to make full use of social idle capacity resources and avoid the waste of transportation capacity brought about by "separate order" transportation in the same city distribution, this paper breaks down the traditional "single distribution" distribution mode. Considering the deterministic distribution order and the random distribution order. This paper summarizes the typical domestic vehicle and goods matching mode, and puts forward the innovative vehicle and goods matching mode (hereinafter referred to as "innovation mode"), which is suitable for the current "Internet" era. On this basis, the distribution path optimization is modeled and solved. First of all, summarized the domestic and foreign research on the Internet-based logistics platform, vehicle and goods matching mode and distribution path optimization, and combined with the current situation of vehicle and goods matching operation in China. In this paper, five kinds of classic matching models are summarized in detail, and the operation flow, profit model, advantages and disadvantages and applicable scope of each mode are analyzed. On this basis, the innovative matching mode of distribution and goods in the same city is constructed based on the Internet. Then, combining the "innovation mode" and the realistic distribution demand scene (deterministic random distribution demand), the paper constructs the distribution path optimization model of the same city based on the "innovation mode". An improved Tabu search algorithm is used to optimize the delivery problem with time windows, and an example is given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm. In order to meet the demand of random distribution, two local search heuristic algorithms are used to support the routing optimization in dynamic environment. Finally, the model and algorithm are applied to the actual situation of distribution in the same city, and the distribution path of the same city in Shanghai is optimized. By comparing with the traditional "sub-order" direct dispatch transportation solution, the conclusion is drawn: under the "innovation mode" based on Internet, deterministic demand and stochastic demand can greatly shorten the total delivery time of the system. Reduce the number of vehicles, achieve energy saving and consumption, improve the utilization of social capacity resources, and then reduce the social logistics costs. It also shows that the "innovation mode" constructed in this paper has remarkable superiority in the distribution of the same city.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

【参考文献】