考虑车队尾气排放的城市干线信号协调控制优化研究

发布时间：2019-01-14 17:40

【摘要】：作为智能交通重要研究领域之一,干线信号协调控制是提高现有城市路网通行能力、缓解交通压力的有效途径。近年来,我国在致力于解决大城市交通拥堵问题的同时,城市空气污染现象日趋严重,逐渐引起人们的关注。因此,在开展城市干线信号协调控制优化方面的研究时考虑减少车辆尾气排放,对于指导城市干线信号协调控制方案的设计、提高干线系统通行效率、最大化环境效益具有重要的意义。基于此,本文提出开展考虑车队尾气排放的城市干线信号协调控制优化研究。首先,本文基于干线信号协调控制基本理论与方法,对比分析了最大绿波带法及最小延误法的适用性。基于此,提出以干线车辆延误最小为目标的干线信号协调控制优化模型。其次,在对交叉口处车辆行驶模式分析的基础上,提出干线系统相邻交叉口间车队运行模式划分方法,并基于VISSIM仿真平台得到不同运行模式下车队运行工况数据,结合平均排放率,既而求得车队在不同运行模式下各排放物排放因子,从而得到干线车队尾气排放估算方法。在此基础上,以干线系统交叉口间相对相位差、车队平均速度为约束条件,以最小化干线车队延误为主要目标,以最小化干线车队尾气排放量为次要目标,构建考虑车队尾气排放的干线信号协调控制优化模型,并提出宽容分层序列法与分支定界法相结合的求解方法。最后,本文选取北京市典型干线系统开展模型应用分析研究,通过固定相位差下干线信号协调控制、不考虑车队尾气排放的干线信号协调控制优化及考虑车队尾气排放的干线信号协调控制优化三种方案计算得优化后交叉口间相位差,进而比较分析各方案车辆延误及车队尾气排放状况。结果表明,本文所构建的考虑车队尾气排放的干线信号协调控制优化模型不仅可以有效降低车辆延误,提高干线通行效率,还可在一定程度上降低干线车队尾气排放量,减少环境污染。
[Abstract]:As one of the important research fields of intelligent transportation, the coordinated control of trunk signal is an effective way to improve the capacity of urban road network and relieve traffic pressure. In recent years, our country is devoting itself to solve the problem of traffic congestion in big cities, and at the same time, the phenomenon of urban air pollution is becoming more and more serious, which gradually attracts people's attention. Therefore, in the study of optimization of coordinated control of urban trunk signal, it is considered to reduce vehicle exhaust emissions, which can guide the design of coordinated control scheme of urban trunk signal and improve the efficiency of trunk line system. It is of great significance to maximize environmental benefits. Based on this, this paper puts forward the optimization study of coordinated control of urban trunk line signal considering vehicle exhaust emission. Firstly, based on the basic theory and method of coordinated control of trunk signal, the applicability of the maximum green band method and the minimum delay method are compared and analyzed. Based on this, an optimal model for coordinated control of trunk line signals with minimum vehicle delay is proposed. Secondly, based on the analysis of the vehicle running mode at the intersection, the method of dividing the running mode of the motorcade between the adjacent intersections of the trunk line system is put forward, and the data of the motorcade operating conditions under different operation modes are obtained based on the VISSIM simulation platform. Combined with the average emission rate, the emission factors of the fleet under different operating modes are obtained, and the estimation method of the exhaust emission of the trunk fleet is obtained. On this basis, the relative phase difference between intersections of the trunk line system, the average speed of the motorcade is taken as the constraint condition, the main objective is to minimize the delay of the trunk road fleet, and the secondary objective is to minimize the exhaust emissions of the trunk road fleet. An optimal model for coordinated control of trunk line signals considering vehicle exhaust emissions is proposed, and a solution method combining tolerant hierarchical sequence method and branch and bound method is proposed. Finally, this paper selects the typical trunk line system in Beijing to carry out the model application analysis and research, through the fixed phase difference under the trunk line signal coordination control, The optimization of coordinated control of trunk line signal without considering the exhaust emission of the motorcade and the optimization of the coordinated control of trunk signal with consideration of the exhaust emission of the motorcade are used to calculate the phase difference between intersections after optimization. Then, the vehicle delay and vehicle exhaust emission of each scheme are compared and analyzed. The results show that the optimized model of coordinated control of trunk line signal considering vehicle exhaust emission can not only effectively reduce vehicle delay and improve the efficiency of trunk line traffic, but also reduce the emission of trunk road fleet emissions to a certain extent. Reduce environmental pollution.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.54

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