动态低照度环境中公路合理行车速度确定方法

发布时间：2019-02-21 21:27

【摘要】：为合理确定动态低照度时公路行车速度限值,保障低照度环境时的公路行车安全,设计实车试验研究环境照度及速度变化耦合影响驾驶人视觉机能的规律。分析了环境照度、行车速度对驾驶人识别不同颜色目标物识认时间的影响,构建了行车速度、动态低照度和识认时间感知关系度量模型,并结合驾驶人反应制动停车视距模型,考虑速度离散对驾驶人的影响,给出了低照度下公路合理行车速度确定方法及建议值。结果表明:驾驶人对红、绿目标物识认时间有一定差异性,红色目标物在低照度环境下的识认性优于绿色;低照度环境时应依据照度变化进行公路合理行车速度限制,且需考虑限速的平顺过渡,在设计停车视距为110m的公路上,照度为200~500lx时,建议限速为70km·h-1;照度为200lx以下,建议限速为60km·h-1;在设计停车视距为75m的公路上,照度为200~500lx时,建议限速为50km·h-1;照度为200lx以下,建议限速为40km·h-1。
[Abstract]:In order to reasonably determine the limit value of highway driving speed under dynamic low illuminance and to ensure the safety of highway driving in low illumination environment, a real vehicle test was designed to study the law that the coupling of environmental illumination and speed change affects the driver's visual function. The effects of environmental illumination and driving speed on the recognition time of different color objects are analyzed. The measurement models of driving speed, dynamic low illumination and recognition time perception are constructed. Considering the influence of speed dispersion on the driver, the method of determining the reasonable driving speed of highway under low illuminance and the suggested value are given. The results show that the recognition time of red and green objects is different, and the recognition time of red target is better than that of green in low illuminance environment. The reasonable speed limit of highway should be carried out according to the variation of illumination, and the smooth transition of speed limit should be considered. The speed limit should be 70km h-1 when the design distance of stopping sight is 110m and illuminance is 200~500lx. The illuminance is below 200lx, and the recommended speed limit is 60km h-1. On the highway with 75 m distance of view, the suggested limit is 50km h-1 when the illuminance is 200~500lx, and the recommended speed limit is 40km h-1 when the illuminance is below 200lx.
【作者单位】：合肥工业大学交通运输工程学院;长安大学汽车学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51308177,51578207) 教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20120111120021) 安徽省自然科学基金项目(1408085MG137) 汽车运输安全保障技术交通行业重点实验室开放基金项目(2013G1502061)
【分类号】：U491

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