聚氨酯（PU）改性乳化沥青制备及性能研究

发布时间：2019-02-26 19:43

【摘要】：近年来,改性乳化沥青在公路建设与公路养护中获得了广泛的应用。目前,常用制备改性乳化沥青的主要有的SBR、SBS改性剂,虽然其改性效果良好,但在制备以及使用过程中会出现一些问题。鉴于此,本文采用新型材料PU树脂制备改性乳化沥青,考虑到PU乳液制备设备及工艺比较困难,成本较高,以及没有现成的符合要求的PU乳液掺入到乳化沥青中制备改性乳化沥青,本文采用PU先改性沥青后乳化的方法制备PU改性乳化沥青,研究PU改性乳化沥青的性能。通过优化工艺条件,确定PU改性沥青制备方法,提出了最佳掺量。在最佳掺量下,PU改性剂能够很好的在沥青中进行分散,具有很好的相容性,粒径分散均匀且小于5μm,有利于乳化。制备的PU改性沥青宏观常规综合性能较好,低温抗裂性能改善最为明显。通过进行粘度进行测试得出,PU改性剂增加了沥青的粘度;对粘温曲线数据进行指数拟合,确定了三种PU改性沥青施工温度与乳化温度。采用红外光谱分析PU改性沥青存在物理改性以及化学改性两种改性方式;其中化学改性不受PU与基质沥青相容性的影响;而物理改性受PU与基质沥青相容性的影响。通过进行乳化剂进行优选,确定采用乳化剂A进行复配对三种PU改性沥青进行乳化,确定乳化剂的最佳掺量。同时进行乳化前后对比研究得出,乳化作用并没有破坏氨基甲酸酯基团结构,只是在一定程度上的削弱,这与常规性能与玻璃化转变温度、吸热量情况研究结果是一致的。通过以上方法制备的PU改性乳化沥青具有较好使用性能与路用性能,其中韩国SK制备的PU改性乳化沥青综合性能最佳,通过以上分析能够得出,韩国SK沥青与PU改性剂具有优异的相容性有关。因此,在道路工程中,PU改性乳化沥青能够具有非常好的应用价值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, modified emulsified asphalt has been widely used in highway construction and highway maintenance. At present, there are some SBR,SBS modifiers commonly used to prepare modified emulsified bitumen. Although the modification effect is good, there will be some problems in the preparation and use of the modified asphalt. In view of this, this paper uses a new material PU resin to prepare modified emulsified asphalt, considering that the preparation equipment and process of PU emulsion is difficult, and the cost is relatively high. And there is no ready-made PU emulsion mixed into emulsified asphalt to prepare modified emulsified asphalt. In this paper, PU modified asphalt was used to prepare PU modified emulsified asphalt, and the properties of PU modified emulsified asphalt were studied. By optimizing the technological conditions, the preparation method of PU modified asphalt was determined, and the optimum content of asphalt was put forward. Under the optimum dosage, the PU modifier can be dispersed well in asphalt and has good compatibility. The particle size of the modifier is uniform and less than 5 渭 m, which is favorable for emulsifying. The macroscopical comprehensive properties of PU modified asphalt were better, and the anti-cracking performance at low temperature was the most obvious. The viscosity test shows that the viscosity of asphalt is increased by PU modifier, and the construction temperature and emulsifying temperature of three kinds of PU modified asphalt are determined by exponential fitting of viscosity temperature curve data. The physical modification and chemical modification of PU modified asphalt are analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, in which the chemical modification is not affected by the compatibility of PU and matrix asphalt, while the physical modification is influenced by the compatibility of PU and matrix asphalt. Through the optimization of emulsifier, the emulsifier A was used to emulsify three kinds of PU modified asphalt, and the optimum amount of emulsifier was determined. At the same time, it was found that the emulsifying effect did not destroy the carbamate group structure, but weakened to a certain extent, which was consistent with the results of conventional properties, glass transition temperature and heat absorption. The PU modified emulsified asphalt prepared by the above method has better service performance and road performance. Among them, the PU modified emulsified asphalt prepared by Korean SK has the best comprehensive performance, which can be obtained by the above analysis. Korean SK asphalt has excellent compatibility with PU modifier. Therefore, in road engineering, PU modified emulsified asphalt can have very good application value.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U414

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