公共租赁住房居民出行行为及方式选择研究

发布时间：2019-03-19 17:04

【摘要】：出行行为理论是交通管理和控制中最为重要的理论之一,对个体出行行为的研究,是把握居民出行需求,进行交通规划、建设和管理的基础性工作。公共租赁住房(以下简称公租房)作为近年来国家一项重要的民生工程,旨在解决城市中低收入群体保障性住房问题。其居民的出行行为和出行特征与我国许多大城市多年来形成的不同阶层混合型居住人群有较大差别,在现有的出行行为特征研究成果中,对公租房居民出行行为和出行方式选择的研究较少。基于此,本文就公共租赁住房居民出行行为及出行方式选择开展了相关研究。首先,以出行行为相关理论为基础,通过对公租房居民出行调查数据的深层次挖掘,从出行目的、出行强度、出行距离、出行方式构成及出行时间和空间分布等方面对外围型公租房和核心型公租房居民出行行为特征深入分析,提炼出其出行特征的内在规律及公租房居民出行行为的影响因素。其次,针对常用出行需求预测模型的优缺点进行深入分析,特别对ML模型和NL模型进行了深入的研究。在公租房居民出行决策过程中,交通方式选择受出行目的链的约束,两者之间有着密切的联系,基于此,提出了出行目的链和方式选择联合模型,利用NL模型,以重庆市公租房居民调查数据为背景,构建不同类型的公租房居民出行目的链和交通方式选择行为的相互影响模型,定量地分析公租房居民出行方式选择行为和出行目的链类型选择行为的相互作用关系。运用SPSS分析软件对模型进行标定,给出了各选择方案的效用函数。最后,本文以统计学、管理学、交通规划学等为理论基础,对公租房居民出行方式和出行目的链联合模型进行精度检验,并定量的分析了各变量对外围型、核心型公租房居民出行方式的选择及出行目的链选择的影响。预测在不同家庭和个人背景、出行属性下,外围型公租房居民及核心型公租房居民出行方式选择和出行目的链的选择结果,并对出行方式和出行目的链选择行为相互影响关系进行了分析。结果表明,模型精度较高,具有较强的适应性。对公租房片区进行交通规划、公租房交通需求管理等有着指导意义,并对公租房片区制定交通发展策略提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:Travel behavior theory is one of the most important theories in traffic management and control. The research on individual travel behavior is the basic work of grasping residents' travel demand, carrying out traffic planning, construction and management. Public rental housing (hereinafter referred to as public rental housing) as an important national livelihood project in recent years aims to solve the problem of low-and middle-income urban low-income affordable housing. The travel behavior and travel characteristics of the residents are quite different from the mixed population of different strata formed in many big cities of our country over the years. Among the existing research results on the travel behavior characteristics of the residents, there is a great deal of difference in the travel behavior and travel characteristics of the residents. There is little research on public rental housing residents' travel behavior and travel mode choice. Based on this, this article has carried on the related research on the public rental housing residents' travel behavior and travel mode choice. First of all, based on the travel behavior theory, through the in-depth mining of the public rental housing residents' travel survey data, from the travel purpose, travel intensity, travel distance, The characteristics of travel behavior of the residents of public rental housing and core public rental housing are analyzed deeply in the aspects of travel mode composition, travel time and space distribution, and the inherent rules of travel characteristics and the influencing factors of travel behavior of public rental housing residents are abstracted from the aspects of travel mode composition and travel time and space distribution. Secondly, the advantages and disadvantages of the commonly used travel demand forecasting models are deeply analyzed, especially the ML model and the NL model. In the process of public rental housing residents' travel decision-making, the choice of transportation mode is constrained by the travel destination chain, and there is a close relationship between the two. Based on this, a combined model of travel destination chain and mode selection is proposed, and the NL model is used. Based on the investigation data of public rental housing residents in Chongqing, this paper constructs the interaction model of different types of public rental housing residents' travel destination chain and transportation mode choice behavior. Quantitative analysis of public rental housing residents travel mode choice behavior and travel destination chain type choice behavior interaction relationship. The SPSS software is used to calibrate the model and the utility functions of the selected schemes are given. Finally, on the basis of statistics, management, traffic planning and so on, this paper tests the precision of the joint model of public rental housing residents' travel mode and travel destination chain, and quantitatively analyzes the peripheral type of each variable. Core public rental housing residents travel mode choice and travel destination chain choice impact. The results of travel mode selection and travel destination chain selection of peripheral public rental housing residents and core public rental housing residents under different family and personal backgrounds and travel attributes are predicted. And the relationship between travel mode and travel destination chain selection behavior is analyzed. The results show that the model has high precision and strong adaptability. Traffic planning and traffic demand management of public rental housing areas are of guiding significance, and provide scientific basis for the formulation of traffic development strategies in public rental housing areas.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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