车联网系统中的信道建模与信道均衡的算法以及FPGA实现

发布时间：2019-04-04 20:22

【摘要】：物联网技术推动了全球信息产业化第三次浪潮,车联网作为物联网产业中的领头羊,在全球范围内都有十分巨大的发展前景。纵观全球,车联网已经成为各国争相抢夺且具有重要战略意义的产业。传统的汽车制造企业以及信息的互联网企业都对车联网这块香饽饽充满兴趣,加大了对该产业的投入力度,促进了车辆网技术的发展。目前,车联网主要在加强行车安全、提升驾驶人员体验舒适度、解决城市交通拥挤等方面得到了一定的收获。在车联网通信系统中,利用DSRC短距离通信协议,实现了车与车之间直接通信,减少了通信延迟,通信安全也得到了保证。近十几年,人们对通信技术的研究大多集中于蜂窝移动通信系统,但是,车辆对车辆之间的通信信道的传播特性相比于传统的蜂窝移动通信信道已经发生了变化,因此,对车联网中,车与车之间通信信道的研究显得十分重要。本文的研究主要依托于车联网平台,对车联网系统中车辆与车辆之间的通信信道的建模方法,信道均衡算法以及均衡器的设计展开研究,主要完成的工作内容如下:首先,介绍了移动通信信道的数学基础,对车辆对车辆移动模型的数学基础进行了研究。分析了车辆对车辆实际的传播环境,并针对移动中的车辆,对现有算法进行改进,得到了双移动端点包含LOS分量的信道模型,并进行仿真验证其性能。然后,对几种现有的信道均衡的算法进行了分析和研究,并在Matlab仿真软件中对这几种信道均衡算法仿真,获得其性能信息与优缺点信息。通过分析常数模算法、判决引导算法、修正的常数模算法等算法的优缺点,本文提出了一种结合修正的常数模算法以及判决引导算法优点的信道均衡算法,并通过仿真验证了该算法在车辆对车辆通信环境下的实用性能。最后,本文对之前研究的信道均衡算法对应的均衡器的硬件模块进行了设计。对均衡器中各个子模块的FPGA设计作了分析,并通过ModelSim SE软件对其进行了仿真验证。
[Abstract]:The Internet of things technology has promoted the third tide of global information industrialization. As the leader of the Internet of things industry, the Internet of vehicles has a very huge development prospect in the world. Throughout the world, car networking has become a competitive and strategic industry. The traditional automobile manufacturing enterprises and the information Internet enterprises are all full of interest in the hot spot of the car network, which has increased the investment in the industry and promoted the development of the vehicle network technology. At present, the car network mainly in strengthening the driving safety, improving the driver experience comfort, solving the urban traffic congestion and other aspects have obtained a certain harvest. In the vehicle networking communication system, the DSRC short distance communication protocol is used to realize the direct communication between vehicles, reduce the communication delay, and ensure the communication security. In the last ten years, most of the research on communication technology has been focused on cellular mobile communication systems. However, the propagation characteristics of vehicle-to-vehicle communication channels have changed compared with the traditional cellular mobile communication channels, so the propagation characteristics of vehicle-to-vehicle communication channels have been changed compared with the traditional cellular mobile communication channels. It is very important to study the communication channel between vehicles in vehicle networking. Based on the vehicle networking platform, this paper studies the modeling method of communication channel between vehicles, channel equalization algorithm and the design of equalizer in vehicle networking system. The main contents are as follows: first of all, the main contents of this paper are as follows: first of all, the main contents of this thesis are as follows: first of all, The mathematical foundation of mobile communication channel is introduced, and the mathematical foundation of vehicle movement model is studied. In this paper, the actual propagation environment of vehicle to vehicle is analyzed, and the existing algorithm is improved for the mobile vehicle, and the channel model with LOS component in dual mobile endpoint is obtained, and its performance is verified by simulation. Then, several existing channel equalization algorithms are analyzed and studied, and the performance information, advantages and disadvantages of these algorithms are simulated in Matlab simulation software. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the constant module algorithm, the decision guidance algorithm and the modified constant module algorithm, a channel equalization algorithm combining the advantages of the modified constant module algorithm and the decision guidance algorithm is proposed in this paper. The practical performance of the algorithm in vehicle-to-vehicle communication environment is verified by simulation. Finally, the hardware module of the equalizer corresponding to the channel equalization algorithm is designed. The FPGA design of each sub-module in the equalizer is analyzed and verified by ModelSim SE software.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U495;TN929.5

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