高弹蓄盐沥青混合料材料开发及性能研究
发布时间：2019-05-14 22:29
【摘要】：近年来,我国冬季冰雪灾害气候频发,因冬季降雪结冰导致路面抗滑性能显著降低,严重影响行车安全,不仅给人民群众的正常出行造成不便,还影响我国经济平稳快速发展。为了尽快清除路面冰雪,恢复交通,各地交通部门通常采用撒布融雪剂、人力除雪、机械除雪等除冰雪方式,这些被动除雪方法效率低、污染环境、除雪作业存在生命安隐患。欧美等发达国家采用的蓄盐路面、弹力路面等主动除冰雪方式造价高、局限性强、融雪除冰能力有限,这些都制约了主动除冰雪技术的大规模推广应用。本研究将蓄盐路面及弹力路面融雪除冰技术相结合,开发了一种复合型融雪除冰功能性路面材料——高弹蓄盐沥青混合料。首先基于蓄盐缓释技术的界面冰点降低机理,明确了蓄盐添加剂的各组分功能;以提高蓄盐缓释技术融雪除冰能力为目标,利用DSC差示热量分析法对不同比例的氯盐进行了冰点测试,确定了氯盐的最优配比;运用BET法测试了不同载体的比表面积,根据比表面积大小,优选了载体种类;运用电导率测试仪对浸水的马歇尔试件进行了电导率测试,根据电导率随时间的变化规律,确定了蓄盐填料的抑冰组分和载体的配比;基于蓄盐缓释耐久性需求,对蓄盐填料进行了二次憎水改性,通过电导率测试方法提出了憎水剂选择的判据及掺量确定方法。为了平衡混合料融雪除冰功能和路用性能,对高弹蓄盐沥青混合料进行了组成设计及路用性能研究。采用等体积替换方法对添加粗细两种橡胶颗粒的混合料进行了配合比设计,根据力学指标和路用性能指标,确定了最佳橡胶颗粒掺量及不同蓄盐填料掺配比例下的最佳沥青用量,并对高弹蓄盐沥青混合料的路用性能进行了系统评价,结果表明:高弹蓄盐沥青混合料的高、低温性能均能满足要求,但蓄盐填料对高弹蓄盐沥青混合料的水稳定性影响较大,蓄盐填料过多,将导致其水稳定性不足,必须在设计时重点考虑。为了评估高弹蓄盐沥青混合料融雪除冰效果,首先开发了混合料表面融冰和界面附着力试验,提出了以脱落时间和剪切强度为指标的融雪除冰效果评估方法;通过静态回弹模量试验测定了低温条件下混合料的回弹模量;基于分布式车辙仪对覆冰高弹蓄盐沥青混合料进行了轮载模拟试验,建立了“优、良、中、差”四个等级,确定了弹性模量和混合料除冰效果之间的关系;依据电导率随时间的变化规律对混合料的融雪除冰耐久性进行了评估,结合我国降雪情况提出了融雪除冰功能耐久性预估公式。最后,依据室内试验结果优化了高弹蓄盐沥青混合料的生产施工工艺,提出了压实和拌和过程中的注意事项,并对蓄盐填料的使用及保存方法提出了要求,指导铺筑了张承高速承德段和张承高速张家口段两条试验路,对试验段的配合比设计以及路用性能进行了研究,并对试验段的融雪除冰效果进行了分析总结。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the climate of ice and snow disasters in winter is frequent, and the anti-sliding performance of the road is significantly reduced due to the freezing of snow in the winter, which seriously affects the safety of the driving, and not only causes the inconvenience to the normal travel of the people, but also influences the rapid and rapid development of the economy of our country. In ord to remove that ice and snow of the road surface as soon as possible, the traffic can be recovered, and the traffic departments in various places usually adopt snow-and-snow mode, such as snow-melting agent, man-made snow removal, mechanical snow removal and the like, and the passive snow-removing method has the advantages of low efficiency, environmental pollution and life-an hidden danger in the snow-removing operation. In the developed countries such as Europe, America and other developed countries, such as salt-storage pavement, elastic road surface, etc., have the advantages of high cost, high limit and limited snow-melting capacity, which restrict the large-scale popularization and application of active snow and snow technology. In this study, a composite snow-melting and de-icing functional pavement material _ high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture was developed based on the combination of the salt-storage pavement and the snow-melting and de-icing technology of the elastic pavement. firstly, based on the interface freezing point reduction mechanism of the salt-storage slow-release technology, the function of each component of the salt storage additive is determined; the freezing point test is carried out on the chlorine salt of different proportions by using the DSC differential thermal analysis method to improve the snow-melting and deicing capacity of the salt-storage slow-release technology, the optimum ratio of the chlorine salt is determined, the specific surface area of the different carrier is tested by using the BET method, the type of the carrier is preferably selected according to the specific surface area, the conductivity test is carried out on the soaked Marshall test piece by using the conductivity tester, and according to the change law of the conductivity over time, The formula of the anti-icing component and the carrier of the salt-storing filler is determined, the secondary hydrophobic modification of the salt-storage filler is carried out on the basis of the requirement of the sustained-release durability of the salt storage, and the criterion and the content determination method for the selection of the water-repellent agent are proposed through the conductivity test method. In order to balance the snow-melting and de-icing function and the performance of the road, the composition design and performance of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture were studied. By adopting the equal volume replacement method, the mixture of the two rubber particles with the thickness and the thickness is matched and designed, and the optimum amount of the asphalt is determined according to the mechanical index and the performance index of the road, and the optimal amount of the asphalt under the blending ratio of the optimal rubber particle and the different storage salt filler is determined, The results show that the high and low temperature performance of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture can meet the requirements. This will lead to insufficient water stability and must be considered at the time of design. In order to evaluate the effect of the snow-melting and de-icing of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture, the surface-melting and interfacial adhesion test of the mixture surface was first developed, and the evaluation method of the snow-melting and de-icing effect with the index of shedding time and shear strength was put forward. The rebound modulus of the mixed materials under the low temperature condition was measured by the static elastic modulus test. Based on the distributed rutting machine, the paper carried out the wheel-load simulation test on the ice-coated high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture, and established the four grades of the "Excellent, good, medium and poor". The relationship between the elastic modulus and the de-icing effect of the mixture was determined. The durability of the snow-melting and de-icing of the mixture is evaluated according to the change law of the electric conductivity over time, and the formula of the durability of the snow-melting and de-icing function is put forward in combination with the snow situation in China. In the end, the construction technology of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture is optimized according to the results of the indoor test, and the matters needing attention in the process of compaction and mixing are put forward, and the requirements for the use and preservation of the salt-storage filler are put forward. In this paper, two test roads of Zhangcheng high-speed Chengde section and Zhangcheng high-speed Zhangjiakou section are guided, the matching ratio design of the test section and the performance of the test section are studied, and the snow-melting and de-icing effect of the test section is analyzed and summarized.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U414
[Abstract]:In recent years, the climate of ice and snow disasters in winter is frequent, and the anti-sliding performance of the road is significantly reduced due to the freezing of snow in the winter, which seriously affects the safety of the driving, and not only causes the inconvenience to the normal travel of the people, but also influences the rapid and rapid development of the economy of our country. In ord to remove that ice and snow of the road surface as soon as possible, the traffic can be recovered, and the traffic departments in various places usually adopt snow-and-snow mode, such as snow-melting agent, man-made snow removal, mechanical snow removal and the like, and the passive snow-removing method has the advantages of low efficiency, environmental pollution and life-an hidden danger in the snow-removing operation. In the developed countries such as Europe, America and other developed countries, such as salt-storage pavement, elastic road surface, etc., have the advantages of high cost, high limit and limited snow-melting capacity, which restrict the large-scale popularization and application of active snow and snow technology. In this study, a composite snow-melting and de-icing functional pavement material _ high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture was developed based on the combination of the salt-storage pavement and the snow-melting and de-icing technology of the elastic pavement. firstly, based on the interface freezing point reduction mechanism of the salt-storage slow-release technology, the function of each component of the salt storage additive is determined; the freezing point test is carried out on the chlorine salt of different proportions by using the DSC differential thermal analysis method to improve the snow-melting and deicing capacity of the salt-storage slow-release technology, the optimum ratio of the chlorine salt is determined, the specific surface area of the different carrier is tested by using the BET method, the type of the carrier is preferably selected according to the specific surface area, the conductivity test is carried out on the soaked Marshall test piece by using the conductivity tester, and according to the change law of the conductivity over time, The formula of the anti-icing component and the carrier of the salt-storing filler is determined, the secondary hydrophobic modification of the salt-storage filler is carried out on the basis of the requirement of the sustained-release durability of the salt storage, and the criterion and the content determination method for the selection of the water-repellent agent are proposed through the conductivity test method. In order to balance the snow-melting and de-icing function and the performance of the road, the composition design and performance of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture were studied. By adopting the equal volume replacement method, the mixture of the two rubber particles with the thickness and the thickness is matched and designed, and the optimum amount of the asphalt is determined according to the mechanical index and the performance index of the road, and the optimal amount of the asphalt under the blending ratio of the optimal rubber particle and the different storage salt filler is determined, The results show that the high and low temperature performance of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture can meet the requirements. This will lead to insufficient water stability and must be considered at the time of design. In order to evaluate the effect of the snow-melting and de-icing of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture, the surface-melting and interfacial adhesion test of the mixture surface was first developed, and the evaluation method of the snow-melting and de-icing effect with the index of shedding time and shear strength was put forward. The rebound modulus of the mixed materials under the low temperature condition was measured by the static elastic modulus test. Based on the distributed rutting machine, the paper carried out the wheel-load simulation test on the ice-coated high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture, and established the four grades of the "Excellent, good, medium and poor". The relationship between the elastic modulus and the de-icing effect of the mixture was determined. The durability of the snow-melting and de-icing of the mixture is evaluated according to the change law of the electric conductivity over time, and the formula of the durability of the snow-melting and de-icing function is put forward in combination with the snow situation in China. In the end, the construction technology of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture is optimized according to the results of the indoor test, and the matters needing attention in the process of compaction and mixing are put forward, and the requirements for the use and preservation of the salt-storage filler are put forward. In this paper, two test roads of Zhangcheng high-speed Chengde section and Zhangcheng high-speed Zhangjiakou section are guided, the matching ratio design of the test section and the performance of the test section are studied, and the snow-melting and de-icing effect of the test section is analyzed and summarized.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U414
【参考文献】
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