定制公交线路和站点规划研究

发布时间：2019-05-16 13:03

【摘要】：近几年来,随着信息和通讯技术的迅猛发展,一种新的公交服务模式—定制公交呈现在公众面前。定制公交因其直达、快捷、舒适、经济等特点,吸引了许多私家车通勤者,有效缓解了城市交通拥堵和环境污染等问题,快速地在全国各大城市兴起。定制公交线路和站点作为定制公交系统的重要组成部分,其规划的合理性对整个定制公交的运营起着举足轻重的作用。现阶段对定制公交的线路和站点规划更多的是借鉴常规公交的规划方法,而定制公交作为一种新的公交服务模式,与常规公交有很大不同,因此需要对定制公交线路和站点规划进行深入的研究。本文首先介绍了定制公交的概念和运作流程,指出了定制公交的优势与面临的问题,并对定制公交线路和站点规划相关理论进行了研究,进而确定了定制公交线路和站点规划原则。其次,针对定制公交的特点,本文提出了一种完全基于乘客出行需求的定制公交线路和站点规划方法,包括定制公交出行需求数据处理、交通小区划分、合乘站点规划、建立定制公交线路规划模型、规划模型的求解。最后,通过实例对本文提出的规划方法和设计的求解算法进行了验证。论文依据定制公交乘客出行需求数据的特点,通过改进的K-means聚类法对定制公交交通小区进行划分,提出了基于层次聚类法的合乘站点规划方法,从公交公司、乘客和社会三个角度进行考虑,建立了定制公交线路规划模型,并根据定制公交线路的特点,构建了改进的蚁群算法进行模型求解。基于采集到的乘客出行需求数据,利用本文提出的规划方法和设计的求解算法规划了四条北京市"梨园—国贸"定制公交线路,并通过与实际运营线路进行对比分析,验证了规划方法的合理性和求解算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of information and communication technology, a new public transport service model, custom public transport, is presented to the public. Because of its direct, fast, comfortable, economic and other characteristics, custom bus has attracted many private car commuters, effectively alleviated urban traffic congestion and environmental pollution and other problems, and quickly rose in major cities in the country. As an important part of customized public transport system, the rationality of its planning plays an important role in the operation of customized public transport. At present, the route and station planning of customized public transport is more based on the planning method of conventional public transport, and customized public transport, as a new public transport service mode, is very different from the conventional public transport. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on customized bus route and station planning. This paper first introduces the concept and operation process of customized public transport, points out the advantages and problems of customized public transport, and studies the related theories of customized bus route and station planning. Then the planning principles of customized bus routes and stations are determined. Secondly, according to the characteristics of customized public transport, this paper proposes a customized bus route and station planning method based on passenger travel demand, including customized bus travel demand data processing, traffic district division, combined station planning. The customized bus route planning model is established and the planning model is solved. Finally, the planning method and the design algorithm proposed in this paper are verified by an example. According to the characteristics of customized bus passenger travel demand data, this paper divides the customized public transport district by improved K-means clustering method, and puts forward the planning method of combined station based on hierarchical clustering method, from the bus company, Considering the passengers and the society, the customized bus route planning model is established, and according to the characteristics of the customized bus line, an improved ant colony algorithm is constructed to solve the model. Based on the collected passenger travel demand data, four customized bus routes of "Liyuan-International Trade" in Beijing are planned by using the planning method and the design algorithm proposed in this paper, and the results are compared with those of the actual operation lines. The rationality of the planning method and the effectiveness of the solution algorithm are verified.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.17

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