CTU内货物的安全装载系固研究
发布时间：2019-05-18 02:21
【摘要】：随着国民经济和社会的发展,世界各国家和地区之间的商品生产与交换迅速增长,国际货物运输与多式联运已成为国际经济一体化发展中的重要环节,而货物运输单元(CTU)具有降低货物运输成本,便于机械化作业,方便组织联运,提高运输效率等特点,已逐渐发展为现代国际多式联运的主要运输工具。但目前货物装箱时基本只凭经验进行判断,在关于箱内货物装载加固上一直没有实用的标准和原则,装箱后在加固力值分析计算方面也无可靠的理论依据,造成装载系固不合理,绑扎不合格,尤其是在多式联运过程中运输环境的改变使得只符合出厂时绑扎要求的货物不再满足绑扎要求,发生侧滑及倾覆,造成重大事故和财产损失。如何对多式联运下货物绑扎进行全面系统校核以确保安全,具体不同绑扎方式下如何计算,货物在CTU内是如何装载、加固、堆码、支撑和衬垫的,已成为一个重要课题。本文在学习借鉴了前人关于货物装载加固方法的基础上更加深入、细致地进行了研究,增加了一些具体细节化层面的内容,补充和完善了货物的整个装载加固问题;从货物在多式联运过程中所受外力入手,通过对不同运输环境下加速度及所考虑的安全系数的研究,参考各环境下的规范标准,结合了力学相关理论知识,确定了具体绑扎方式下的计算方法。基于上述分析和研究,建立了多种绑扎方式下的、在各种运输条件下的货物系固模型。文中通过对货物装载加固的补充及完善,给出了几种典型货物的装载方案;基于所建立的货物系固模型,可以确定各种绑扎方式下的货物在综合运输时的稳定状态,并结合实例进行验证,也可利用该模型计算设计绑扎方案。本文所给出的典型货物装载方案为货物装箱提供了基本实用信息和指导;所建立的模型可应用于货物的受力计算,实现了对货物在多式联运中绑扎系固的系统安全性校核,避免在更换运输方式时发生事故。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy and society, the production and exchange of commodities among countries and regions in the world have grown rapidly, and international freight transport and multimodal transport have become an important link in the development of international economic integration. However, the freight transportation unit (CTU) has the characteristics of reducing the cost of freight transportation, convenient mechanization operation, convenient organization of intermodal transportation and improving transportation efficiency, and has gradually developed into the main means of transportation of modern international multimodal transportation. However, at present, the cargo packing is basically judged only by experience, there has been no practical standard and principle on the loading and reinforcement of the goods in the box, and there is no reliable theoretical basis for the analysis and calculation of the reinforcement force value after packing. As a result, the loading system is unreasonable and the binding is not up to standard, especially the change of transportation environment in the process of multimodal transportation, so that the goods that only meet the binding requirements at the time of leaving the factory no longer meet the binding requirements, and slip and overturn. Cause major accidents and property losses. How to carry out a comprehensive and systematic check of the binding of goods under multimodal transportation to ensure safety, how to calculate under different binding modes, and how to load, reinforce, pile up, support and liner the goods in CTU has become an important topic. On the basis of learning and drawing lessons from the previous methods of cargo loading and reinforcement, this paper makes a more in-depth and meticulous study, adds some specific details, and complements and perfects the whole problem of loading and strengthening the goods. Starting from the external force of goods in the process of multimodal transportation, through the study of acceleration and safety factor considered in different transportation environments, referring to the specifications and standards in each environment, combined with the relevant theoretical knowledge of mechanics, The calculation method under the specific binding mode is determined. Based on the above analysis and research, a cargo fastening model under various binding modes is established. In this paper, through the supplement and perfection of cargo loading and reinforcement, several typical loading schemes of goods are given. Based on the established cargo fastening model, the stable state of the goods under various binding modes can be determined and verified by an example, and the binding scheme can also be calculated and designed by using the model. The typical cargo loading scheme given in this paper provides basic practical information and guidance for cargo packing. The established model can be applied to the calculation of the force of the goods, realizes the safety check of the system of binding and fastening the goods in the multimodal transportation, and avoids the accident when the transportation mode is changed.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U116
本文编号：2479590
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy and society, the production and exchange of commodities among countries and regions in the world have grown rapidly, and international freight transport and multimodal transport have become an important link in the development of international economic integration. However, the freight transportation unit (CTU) has the characteristics of reducing the cost of freight transportation, convenient mechanization operation, convenient organization of intermodal transportation and improving transportation efficiency, and has gradually developed into the main means of transportation of modern international multimodal transportation. However, at present, the cargo packing is basically judged only by experience, there has been no practical standard and principle on the loading and reinforcement of the goods in the box, and there is no reliable theoretical basis for the analysis and calculation of the reinforcement force value after packing. As a result, the loading system is unreasonable and the binding is not up to standard, especially the change of transportation environment in the process of multimodal transportation, so that the goods that only meet the binding requirements at the time of leaving the factory no longer meet the binding requirements, and slip and overturn. Cause major accidents and property losses. How to carry out a comprehensive and systematic check of the binding of goods under multimodal transportation to ensure safety, how to calculate under different binding modes, and how to load, reinforce, pile up, support and liner the goods in CTU has become an important topic. On the basis of learning and drawing lessons from the previous methods of cargo loading and reinforcement, this paper makes a more in-depth and meticulous study, adds some specific details, and complements and perfects the whole problem of loading and strengthening the goods. Starting from the external force of goods in the process of multimodal transportation, through the study of acceleration and safety factor considered in different transportation environments, referring to the specifications and standards in each environment, combined with the relevant theoretical knowledge of mechanics, The calculation method under the specific binding mode is determined. Based on the above analysis and research, a cargo fastening model under various binding modes is established. In this paper, through the supplement and perfection of cargo loading and reinforcement, several typical loading schemes of goods are given. Based on the established cargo fastening model, the stable state of the goods under various binding modes can be determined and verified by an example, and the binding scheme can also be calculated and designed by using the model. The typical cargo loading scheme given in this paper provides basic practical information and guidance for cargo packing. The established model can be applied to the calculation of the force of the goods, realizes the safety check of the system of binding and fastening the goods in the multimodal transportation, and avoids the accident when the transportation mode is changed.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U116
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