船吊装卸重大件货物机理研究及实现

发布时间：2019-05-18 05:20

【摘要】：受港口装卸设备起重能力限制,因此利用船吊是装卸重大件货物的主要方式。在装卸过程中,货物存在垂直与水平运动,这将导致船舶稳性减小并产生较大的横倾角。稳性减小会使得船舶稳性力矩减小,装卸过程中货物横移作业就可能导致船舶倾覆。在吊装过程中,通过调拨压载水使船舶横倾角保持在合理范围内,就需要压载水与克令吊之间的相互协调,使得操作人员在装卸时顾此失彼,操作紧张,无法预知装卸过程中的未知风险,容易造成船舶及货物损坏,进而给船东和货主造成巨大财产损失。为了保证船舶装卸重大件货物期间的安全,提前对船吊装卸重大件过程中稳性及横倾角的计算就显得尤为必要。首先,文章将重吊船装卸过程分为四个阶段,重点介绍了重吊船在起吊、回转运动过程中的实际操作方式。分析了吊装重大件对船舶横倾的影响以及调节方式,推导了船舶在吊装重大件货物过程中所需最小舱容,以及克令吊在起吊过程中的吊臂钩头受力范围计算公式。推导出重吊船在各个阶段使用船吊装卸重大件货物过程中实时稳性高度、稳性力矩、横倾角及其调整计算公式。其次,基于C#编程语言与SQL Server 2008数据库管理系统,设计了重吊船装卸重大件货物稳性计算程序,实现了对船吊装卸重大件货物整个过程的稳性、横倾角以及稳性力矩等实时计算。最后通过实例检验程序的实用性。船舶在装卸货物前,通过该程序对吊装货物进行计算与演示,其结果对船舶安全装卸重大件货物具有指导意义。
[Abstract]:Due to the limitation of lifting capacity of port loading and unloading equipment, the use of ship crane is the main way to unload and unload heavy goods. In the process of loading and unloading, there are vertical and horizontal movements of the goods, which will lead to the decrease of ship stability and a large angle of transverse inclination. The decrease of stability will reduce the stability moment of the ship, and the transversive operation of the goods may lead to the overturning of the ship during loading and unloading. In the process of hoisting, through the allocation of ballast water to keep the ship's inclination angle within a reasonable range, it is necessary to coordinate the ballast water and the crane, so that the operators lose one or the other during loading and unloading, and the operation is tense. It is impossible to predict the unknown risk in the loading and unloading process, which can easily cause damage to ships and goods, and then cause huge property losses to shipowners and shipowners. In order to ensure the safety of the ship during the loading and unloading of major parts, it is particularly necessary to calculate the stability and inclination angle in the process of loading and unloading major parts in advance. First of all, the loading and unloading process of heavy crane is divided into four stages, and the practical operation mode of heavy crane in the process of lifting and rotating motion is introduced in detail. This paper analyzes the influence of hoisting major parts on the roll of the ship and the adjustment mode, and deduces the minimum cabin capacity required by the ship in the process of hoisting the goods of the major parts, and the formula for calculating the force range of the hook head of the hanging arm in the process of hoisting. The calculation formulas of real-time stability height, stability torque, transverse angle and its adjustment are derived in the process of loading and unloading heavy goods by using ship crane in each stage of heavy crane. Secondly, based on C # programming language and SQL Server 2008 database management system, the calculation program of cargo stability of heavy lifting ship loading and unloading major parts is designed, and the stability of the whole process of cargo loading and unloading of heavy parts is realized. The angle of transverse inclination and the moment of stability are calculated in real time. Finally, an example is given to test the practicability of the program. Before loading and unloading the cargo, the ship calculates and demonstrates the hoisting cargo through the program, and the results are of guiding significance for the safe loading and unloading of the goods of the important parts of the ship.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U693

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