沉船油舱高粘和固状原油的传热性与流动性研究
发布时间：2019-07-05 08:44
【摘要】：能源的需求和大宗货物的交易,海上运输业变得愈发重要,船舶沉船事故也不可避免。沉船问题得不到解决,不仅可能造成海洋环境的污染,还可能影响海上航行安全,造成巨大的人身伤亡和财产损失。当油舱外壳未出现受损破裂的情况下,应及时利用水下抽油设备将油舱中货油、燃料油转移到海上安全船中,以防沉船起浮过程中发生溢油事故。高粘和固状原油的水下抽油工作需要进行再加热,目前大多是根据经验展开,相关研究很少。基于以上原因,本文针对沉船油舱内高粘和固状原油的传热性与流动性进行模拟分析。首先,本文采用CFD方法,运用计算流体力学软件FLUENT,对沉船油舱的高粘原油区的计算域进行了几何建模,对油舱原油的降温过程进行了数值模拟,得到了原油在降温过程中的温度场和速度场分布图,并对比不同海水温度下的油舱原油温降规律。然后,对再加热系统进行建模,对高粘原油的升温过程进行数值模拟,分析加热管多管不同位置、不同热流密度、油舱内不同原油高度对沉船油舱内原油加热时间的影响；并且,利用FLUENT中的凝固／融化模型模拟了固状原油融化的相变过程,在考虑析蜡潜热和液相区自然对流情况下,得到了不同热流密度下油舱内液相体积分数随时间的变化情况,并分析了相变界面的变化规律。通过本文的研究,得到沉船油舱内原油不同条件下需要再加热时间的规律,可以为沉船打捞的水下抽油工作提供理论依据。
文内图片：
图片说明：图３．邋１水下抽油工作原理图逡逑Ｔａｂ．邋３．１邋Ｗｏｒｋ邋ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｓ邋ｏｆ邋ｕｎｄｅｒｗａｔｅｒ邋ｏｉｌ邋ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｙ逡逑
[Abstract]:The demand for energy and the trading of bulk goods, the maritime transport industry has become more and more important, and ship sinking accidents are inevitable. If the sinking problem is not solved, it may not only cause pollution of the marine environment, but also affect the safety of maritime navigation, resulting in huge personal casualties and property losses. When the shell of the tank is not damaged and ruptured, the cargo oil and fuel oil in the tank should be transferred to the marine safety ship in time by using the underwater pumping equipment to prevent the oil spill accident during the process of sinking and floating. The underwater pumping of high viscosity and solid crude oil needs to be reheated. At present, most of them are based on experience, and the related research is rare. Based on the above reasons, the heat transfer and liquidity of high viscosity and solid crude oil in sunken tank are simulated and analyzed in this paper. Firstly, by using CFD method and computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT, the geometric modeling of the calculation area of high viscosity raw oil area in sunken tank is carried out, and the cooling process of crude oil in oil tank is simulated numerical. The temperature field and velocity field distribution map of crude oil in the cooling process are obtained, and the temperature drop laws of crude oil in different seawater temperatures are compared. Then, the reheating system is modeled, and the heating process of high viscosity crude oil is numerical simulated, and the effects of different positions of heating pipe, different heat flux and different crude oil height in the tank on the heating time of crude oil in sunken tank are analyzed. Moreover, the solidification / melting model in FLUENT is used to simulate the phase transition process of solid crude oil melting. Considering the latent heat of wax evolution and the natural convection in liquid phase region, the variation of liquid phase volume fraction with time under different heat flux is obtained, and the variation law of phase transition interface is analyzed. Through the study of this paper, the law of reheating time of crude oil in sunken tank under different conditions is obtained, which can provide theoretical basis for underwater oil extraction of sunken ship salvage.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U698.7
本文编号：2510405
文内图片：
图片说明：图３．邋１水下抽油工作原理图逡逑Ｔａｂ．邋３．１邋Ｗｏｒｋ邋ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｓ邋ｏｆ邋ｕｎｄｅｒｗａｔｅｒ邋ｏｉｌ邋ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｙ逡逑
[Abstract]:The demand for energy and the trading of bulk goods, the maritime transport industry has become more and more important, and ship sinking accidents are inevitable. If the sinking problem is not solved, it may not only cause pollution of the marine environment, but also affect the safety of maritime navigation, resulting in huge personal casualties and property losses. When the shell of the tank is not damaged and ruptured, the cargo oil and fuel oil in the tank should be transferred to the marine safety ship in time by using the underwater pumping equipment to prevent the oil spill accident during the process of sinking and floating. The underwater pumping of high viscosity and solid crude oil needs to be reheated. At present, most of them are based on experience, and the related research is rare. Based on the above reasons, the heat transfer and liquidity of high viscosity and solid crude oil in sunken tank are simulated and analyzed in this paper. Firstly, by using CFD method and computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT, the geometric modeling of the calculation area of high viscosity raw oil area in sunken tank is carried out, and the cooling process of crude oil in oil tank is simulated numerical. The temperature field and velocity field distribution map of crude oil in the cooling process are obtained, and the temperature drop laws of crude oil in different seawater temperatures are compared. Then, the reheating system is modeled, and the heating process of high viscosity crude oil is numerical simulated, and the effects of different positions of heating pipe, different heat flux and different crude oil height in the tank on the heating time of crude oil in sunken tank are analyzed. Moreover, the solidification / melting model in FLUENT is used to simulate the phase transition process of solid crude oil melting. Considering the latent heat of wax evolution and the natural convection in liquid phase region, the variation of liquid phase volume fraction with time under different heat flux is obtained, and the variation law of phase transition interface is analyzed. Through the study of this paper, the law of reheating time of crude oil in sunken tank under different conditions is obtained, which can provide theoretical basis for underwater oil extraction of sunken ship salvage.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U698.7
【引证文献】
相关会议论文 前1条
1 岳丹婷;杨国刚;吕欣荣;张瑞书;;油轮货油最佳加热时间计算[A];中国航海学会2006年度学术交流会优秀论文集[C];2007年
，本文编号：2510405
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