小城市停车设施布局及规划方法研究
发布时间：2019-07-06 14:50
【摘要】：改革开放以后,在国家政策的引导下,包含城镇在内的小城市进行了一系列体制创新和政策改革,实现了经济的快速增长。逐步成为全面建设小康社会的重要支撑,成为推动城镇化进程的重要力量。与此同时,伴随经济快速增长的是城市机动车数量的猛增以及对出行方式需求的转变,由于小城市单一的交通结构以及滞后的停车设施建设,停车需求与停车设施供给之间的矛盾日渐突出。面临同样的供需矛盾,小城市与大中城市相比没有系统科学的规划管理体系,也没有针对性的停车设施规划布局方法。在这种背景下,有部分小城市面对停车问题不采取任何措施而任其发展,还有部分小城市以停车需求为导向,一味的满足停车需求,两种对待问题方式最终结果都是整个交通系统的运行效率的和路网服务水平的降低。新形势下的小城市停车该如何发展,成为即急切又现实的问题。本文通过资料搜集及调查统计,首先从网络布局结构特性、交通构成特性及居民出行特性三方面出发对小城市交通特性进行分析;从停车行为特性、停车设施利用特性及停放车辆类型三个角度对小城市停车特性进行研究。其次结合典型小城市停车统计数据,对居住小区、酒店商贸网点、公共停车场、道路沿线泊位及机关事业单位五类停车设施分布及利用特性进行分析。在此基础上对小城市停车系统的突出问题进行了整理,对停车问题的成因进行了深入探究。然后结合新型城镇化战略,对新型城镇化战略下小城市停车系统的发展方向进行探讨,构建了新型城镇化战略下小城市的停车规划管理体系。最后重点针对管理体系规划层面的五方面内容进行研究:提出小城市停车需求的预测方法;引入分区停车控制的方法理念,将城区划分为严格控制区、适度控制区和协调发展区,提出各分区的交通发展模式及停车管理措施;在分区停车控制的理念基础上,对配建停车场的配建指标从经济、地理、交通特性三个角度进行了修订;为控制路内停车设施对动态交通的影响,提出动静协调的路内停车设施布局方法;针对停车场布局,提出路内、路外停车设施协同布局的方法,在对约束条件及主要参数分析的基础上,以总停车距离最小为目标构建路内停车场的选址模型,以总费用最低为目标构建路外公共停车场的选址模型。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening up, under the guidance of national policy, a series of system innovation and policy reform have been carried out in small cities, including cities and towns, and the rapid economic growth has been realized. It has gradually become an important support for building a well-off society in an all-round way and an important force to promote the process of urbanization. At the same time, with the rapid economic growth is the rapid increase in the number of urban motor vehicles and the change of demand for travel mode, due to the single traffic structure of small cities and the lagging construction of parking facilities, the contradiction between parking demand and parking facilities supply is becoming increasingly prominent. Facing the same contradiction between supply and demand, there is no systematic and scientific planning and management system and no targeted parking facilities planning and layout method compared with large and medium-sized cities. In this context, some small cities do not take any measures to develop in the face of parking problems, and some small cities are guided by parking demand and blindly meet the parking demands. the final result of the two ways of dealing with the problem is the operation efficiency of the whole traffic system and the decrease of road network service level. How to develop parking in small cities under the new situation has become an urgent and realistic problem. Through data collection and investigation and statistics, this paper first analyzes the traffic characteristics of small cities from three aspects: network layout structure characteristics, traffic composition characteristics and residents' travel characteristics, and studies the parking characteristics of small cities from three angles: parking behavior characteristics, parking facilities utilization characteristics and parking vehicle types. Secondly, combined with the parking statistics of typical small cities, this paper analyzes the distribution and utilization characteristics of five kinds of parking facilities, including residential areas, hotel trade outlets, public parking lots, parking spaces along roads and institutions. On this basis, the outstanding problems of parking system in small cities are sorted out, and the causes of parking problems are deeply explored. Then combined with the new urbanization strategy, the development direction of parking system in small cities under the new urbanization strategy is discussed, and the parking planning and management system of small cities under the new urbanization strategy is constructed. Finally, the five aspects of the planning level of the management system are studied: the forecasting method of parking demand in small cities is put forward, the concept of district parking control method is introduced, the urban area is divided into strict control area, moderate control area and coordinated development area, and the traffic development mode and parking management measures of each district are put forward. On the basis of the concept of district parking control, the allocation index of parking lot is revised from three angles of economy, geography and traffic characteristics, and in order to control the influence of parking facilities on dynamic traffic, a dynamic and dynamic coordination method of parking facilities layout is put forward. Aiming at the parking lot layout, this paper puts forward the method of cooperative layout of on-road and off-road parking facilities. Based on the analysis of the constraint conditions and the main parameters, the location model of the in-road parking lot is constructed with the goal of the minimum total parking distance, and the location model of the off-road public parking lot is constructed with the goal of the lowest total cost.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.7
本文编号：2511096
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening up, under the guidance of national policy, a series of system innovation and policy reform have been carried out in small cities, including cities and towns, and the rapid economic growth has been realized. It has gradually become an important support for building a well-off society in an all-round way and an important force to promote the process of urbanization. At the same time, with the rapid economic growth is the rapid increase in the number of urban motor vehicles and the change of demand for travel mode, due to the single traffic structure of small cities and the lagging construction of parking facilities, the contradiction between parking demand and parking facilities supply is becoming increasingly prominent. Facing the same contradiction between supply and demand, there is no systematic and scientific planning and management system and no targeted parking facilities planning and layout method compared with large and medium-sized cities. In this context, some small cities do not take any measures to develop in the face of parking problems, and some small cities are guided by parking demand and blindly meet the parking demands. the final result of the two ways of dealing with the problem is the operation efficiency of the whole traffic system and the decrease of road network service level. How to develop parking in small cities under the new situation has become an urgent and realistic problem. Through data collection and investigation and statistics, this paper first analyzes the traffic characteristics of small cities from three aspects: network layout structure characteristics, traffic composition characteristics and residents' travel characteristics, and studies the parking characteristics of small cities from three angles: parking behavior characteristics, parking facilities utilization characteristics and parking vehicle types. Secondly, combined with the parking statistics of typical small cities, this paper analyzes the distribution and utilization characteristics of five kinds of parking facilities, including residential areas, hotel trade outlets, public parking lots, parking spaces along roads and institutions. On this basis, the outstanding problems of parking system in small cities are sorted out, and the causes of parking problems are deeply explored. Then combined with the new urbanization strategy, the development direction of parking system in small cities under the new urbanization strategy is discussed, and the parking planning and management system of small cities under the new urbanization strategy is constructed. Finally, the five aspects of the planning level of the management system are studied: the forecasting method of parking demand in small cities is put forward, the concept of district parking control method is introduced, the urban area is divided into strict control area, moderate control area and coordinated development area, and the traffic development mode and parking management measures of each district are put forward. On the basis of the concept of district parking control, the allocation index of parking lot is revised from three angles of economy, geography and traffic characteristics, and in order to control the influence of parking facilities on dynamic traffic, a dynamic and dynamic coordination method of parking facilities layout is put forward. Aiming at the parking lot layout, this paper puts forward the method of cooperative layout of on-road and off-road parking facilities. Based on the analysis of the constraint conditions and the main parameters, the location model of the in-road parking lot is constructed with the goal of the minimum total parking distance, and the location model of the off-road public parking lot is constructed with the goal of the lowest total cost.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.7
【共引文献】
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