五轴联动叶片无损探伤设备的设计

发布时间：2018-01-10 11:14

本文关键词：五轴联动叶片无损探伤设备的设计　出处：《扬州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国航空领域技术的不断提高,对飞行器零部件性能的要求也相应越来越高。作为飞行器最重要零件之一的叶片,其质量和性能直接关系到整个飞行器的正常工作。所以,在叶片使用之前需要对叶片进行检测,检查其内部是否有杂质、裂纹等不符合要求的情况,检查其结构完整性和状态,提高使用的安全性,同时,工人在对叶片进行修整过程中,通过检测可以确定叶片需要修整的部位,有效减少修整工艺,提高修整效率。本课题设计五轴联动叶片无损检测设备,在现有的技术基础上,结合五轴联动数控加工技术,解决叶片检测的问题,检测方便,效率高,数据更加准确可靠。本文介绍了现有的各种检测方式,并讨论其优缺点,综合考虑航空叶片的检测要求,选用涡流无损检测方式。同时,研究基于此检测方式的检测探头运动轨迹,根据检测要求确定检测探头的运动轨迹,探讨此运动轨迹和五轴加工刀具的运动轨迹的相同和不同点,在此基础上,建立五轴联动航空叶片探伤的后处理文件,确保检测探头和曲面的法向保持一致的前提下,生成检测探头运行轨迹的数控指令。讨论现有的五轴运动平台的不同构型,最终选用适合此次航空叶片检测的单摆头单回转台仿生单立柱结构,分析运动平台的运动情况,继而进行设计,并分析运动平台关键零部件的静刚度和动刚度问题,确定结构的可靠性。叶片在检测之前,需要了解叶片自身可能影响实验进行的因素,例如叶片角度误差和表面粗糙度情况,并设计解决方案,即设计角度可调式回转台弥补叶片铸造过程中留下的角度误差,用自适应探头解决表面粗糙度对检测探头的影响问题。在设计检测探头过程中,需要对探头的参数进行计算,在检测探头的传感器封装方面做出改进。考虑各种数控系统的运动精度和开放性等特点,综合此次航空叶片无损检测的要求,选用最合适的数控系统,并了解数控系统的控制原理。在叶片检测过程中,对检测系统进行搭建,从信号发生到最终的人机界面数据显示,并讨论搭建过程中的各个环节。最后展示五轴联动运动平台的最终产品,通过其运动情况以及检测数据的准确性检查此次设计符合使用要求,验证设计的成功。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of aviation technology in China, the performance requirements of aircraft components are becoming higher and higher. As one of the most important parts of aircraft, the blade is becoming more and more important. Its quality and performance are directly related to the normal operation of the whole aircraft. Therefore, before the blade is used, it is necessary to check whether there are impurities and cracks inside the blade. Check its structural integrity and state, improve the safety of use, at the same time, workers in the blade dressing process, through the detection can determine the blade needs to repair the position, effectively reduce the dressing process. To improve the dressing efficiency. This project designed five-axis linkage blade nondestructive testing equipment, based on the existing technology, combined with five-axis linkage NC machining technology, to solve the blade detection problem, easy to detect, high efficiency. The data is more accurate and reliable. This paper introduces the existing detection methods and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. Considering the requirements of aeronautical blade testing, the eddy current nondestructive testing method is selected. At the same time. This paper studies the motion trajectory of the detection probe based on this detection mode, determines the motion track of the detection probe according to the detection requirements, and probes into the same and different points between the motion trajectory of the detection probe and that of the five-axis machining tool, and on this basis. The post-processing file of five-axis linkage aero-vane detection is established to ensure that the normal direction of the probe and the curved surface are consistent with each other. The different configurations of the existing five-axis motion platform are discussed, and the bionic single column structure of the single pendulum head and single rotary table suitable for the aeronautical blade detection is finally selected. The motion of the platform is analyzed, then the design is carried out, and the static stiffness and dynamic stiffness of the key parts of the platform are analyzed to determine the reliability of the structure. Need to understand the blade itself may affect the experimental factors, such as blade angle error and surface roughness, and design solutions. The angle adjustable rotary table is designed to make up for the angle error in the casting process of the blade. The problem of the influence of the surface roughness on the detection probe is solved by the adaptive probe. The parameters of the probe need to be calculated, and the sensor package of the probe is improved. Considering the characteristics of the motion accuracy and openness of various CNC systems, the requirements of the non-destructive testing of the aeronautical blade are synthesised. Select the most suitable numerical control system, and understand the control principle of the CNC system. In the process of blade detection, the detection system is built, from the signal generation to the final man-machine interface data display. Finally, the final product of the five-axis linkage motion platform is displayed. The design meets the requirements of the design through its motion and the accuracy of the test data, and the success of the design is verified.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V267

【相似文献】