飞机结构加强板零件成形工艺方法的研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 02:05

本文关键词：飞机结构加强板零件成形工艺方法的研究　出处：《沈阳航空航天大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：加强板是飞机结构系统的重要组成部分,是飞机飞行安全的重要保障。目前,制造厂加工加强板零件普遍采用的是传统落压成形工艺。该传统工艺存在生产效率低、废品率高和零件精度低等缺点。本文针对飞机结构加强板零件的成形特点以及传统的落压成形工艺的缺点,采用有限元数值模拟方法对其进行了系统的工艺分析,提出了液力成形工艺和刚性模拉深成形工艺两种新的工艺解决方案,并验证了其可行性,最终成形零件质量参照了航空工业标准HB6470-1990的要求。对于液力成形工艺方法,研究结果表明,由于零件结构的特殊性,在液力成形后零件局部形成的圆角半径远远大于3毫米,需要增加校形工序。校形结束后,零件减薄率为33.25%,产生破裂的可能性很高。对于刚性模拉深成形工艺方法,提出了单次拉深成形和二次拉深成形方案。研究结果表明,单次拉深成形结束后,零件减薄率达到30%,产生破裂的可能性依旧很高。采用二次拉深成形方案,即设计出过渡模具,过渡模具保持了原零件的型面曲度,增加了其凸、凹模圆角半径和拉深深度,使得过渡模具有储料的作用,第一次拉深成形后得到半成品,第二次拉深成最终零件。二次拉深成形结束后,零件减薄率为27.12%,符合了标准的要求。因此,二次拉深成形方案可以确保零件的成形质量。本文又通过仿真模拟研究了工艺参数和工艺切口对成形零件质量的影响,并优化了工艺参数,为实际生产过程提供了有效的参考依据。
[Abstract]:Reinforcement plate is an important part of aircraft structure system and an important guarantee of aircraft flight safety. The traditional blanking forming process is widely used in the manufacturing plant, which has low production efficiency. The paper aims at the forming characteristics of the aircraft structural strengthening plate parts and the shortcomings of the traditional falling forming process. The finite element numerical simulation method is used to analyze the process systematically. Two new process solutions, hydroforming process and rigid die drawing process, are put forward, and their feasibility is verified. Finally, the quality of the formed parts is referred to the requirements of aviation industry standard HB6470-1990. For the hydraulic forming process, the research results show that because of the special structure of the parts. After hydroforming, the radius of the corner formed locally is much larger than 3 mm, so it is necessary to increase the calibration procedure. After the calibration, the thinning rate of the part is 33.25%. For the rigid die drawing process, single drawing and secondary drawing are proposed. The results show that the single drawing is finished. The reduction rate of the part is up to 30%, and the possibility of producing rupture is still very high. Using the secondary drawing forming scheme, the transition die is designed. The transition die keeps the original part surface curvature and increases its protruding. The corner radius and drawing depth of the die make the transition die have the function of material storage. The semi-finished product is obtained after the first drawing, and the final part is formed by the second drawing. After the second drawing, the final part is obtained. The thinning rate of the parts is 27.12, which meets the requirements of the standard. The secondary drawing scheme can ensure the forming quality of the parts. In this paper, the effects of process parameters and process cuts on the quality of forming parts are studied by simulation, and the process parameters are optimized. It provides an effective reference for the actual production process.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V262.3

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