发动机多级联调机构动力学特性分析

发布时间：2018-01-13 16:36

本文关键词：发动机多级联调机构动力学特性分析　出处：《中国民航大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：可调静子叶片机构是航空发动机的核心部件之一,高压压气机多采用多级可调静子叶片系统来控制航空发动机的喘振和失速。发动机在非设计点工作时,高压压气机各级之间的流量不能匹配,导致气流的不稳定流动,产生喘振或颤振等不良现象,当发动机出现喘振时,就会偏离正常的工作状态,严重时会对发动机产生损伤,甚至出现发动机熄火等严重故障。在工程应用中,一般采用可调的进口导流叶片和静子叶片来调节发动机的流量和攻角,以扩大稳定裕度,改善发动机的整体效率。发动机喘振是气流以大迎角流入压气机,在叶背处形成严重的分离,引起压气机出口气流压力和流量强烈脉动的周期性振荡现象。为了使压气机在一个相对较宽的范围内工作,获得最佳的性能,同时减小压气机的体积和重量,高压压气机可调静子叶片机构通常设计成由一个主动件驱动多排静子叶片按不同角度规律变化的多级联调机构。但是联调机构在工作过程中会受到各种因素的影响,如零部件尺寸及公差、间隙、运动副摩擦力等因素会对调节机构的运动学和动力学特性产生影响,使VSV系统产生故障。而传统的设计方法存在研制成本高、周期长的缺点,因此有必要采用虚拟样机技术,对联调机构进行动力学特性分析。本文以CFM56-3发动机的VSV(Variable Stator Vane)系统为研究对象,针对调节机构存在的调节精度误差、运动副间隙、阻尼力等各种问题,运用运动学和动力学的基本理论,利用CATIA建立调节机构的三维模型,在动力学仿真软件ADAMS中进行运动学和动力学仿真,分析间隙、尺寸、阻尼力等因素对机构运动特性的影响,然后利用ANSYS强大的网格划分功能,对部分刚性零件进行柔化,创建所需柔性体,导入到ADAMS中实现刚柔耦合动力学仿真,分析弹性件在调节机构中的影响和作用。最后进行总结,并提出优化解决方案,为相关维修提供工程参考。
[Abstract]:Adjustable stator vane mechanism is one of the core components of aero-engine. High pressure compressor uses multi-stage adjustable stator vane system to control the surge and stall of aeroengine. The flow rate of high pressure compressor does not match, which leads to unstable flow of airflow and bad phenomena such as surge or flutter. When the engine appears surge, it will deviate from the normal working state. In engineering applications, adjustable inlet guide blades and stator blades are generally used to adjust the flow rate and angle of attack of the engine. In order to expand the stability margin and improve the overall efficiency of the engine, the engine surge is that the air flows into the compressor at a high angle of attack and forms a serious separation at the back of the blade. In order to make the compressor work in a relatively wide range, the optimal performance can be obtained, and the volume and weight of the compressor will be reduced at the same time. The adjustable stator vane mechanism of a high pressure compressor is usually designed to be a multistage joint mechanism driven by one active member, which varies according to different angle law. However, the joint mechanism will be influenced by various factors in the working process. Ring. For example, the dimensions and tolerances of components, clearance, friction force of motion pair and other factors will affect the kinematics and dynamic characteristics of the regulating mechanism, and make the VSV system fail. However, the traditional design method has high development cost. Because of the disadvantage of long period, it is necessary to adopt virtual prototyping technology. In this paper, the VSV(Variable Stator Vane system of CFM56-3 engine is taken as the research object. Aiming at the problems such as the error of adjusting precision, the clearance of motion pair, the damping force and so on, the three-dimensional model of the regulating mechanism is established by using the basic theory of kinematics and dynamics, using CATIA. The kinematics and dynamics simulation is carried out in the dynamics simulation software ADAMS, and the effects of clearance, size and damping force on the kinematic characteristics of the mechanism are analyzed. Then the powerful mesh generation function of ANSYS is used. Some rigid parts are softened, the required flexible body is created, and the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic simulation is realized in ADAMS. Finally, the effect and function of elastic parts in the regulating mechanism are analyzed. And put forward the optimization solution to provide engineering reference for related maintenance.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V232.4

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