涡轮叶片磨削用金刚石滚轮制造工艺研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 19:35

本文关键词： 金刚石滚轮机械加工电镀脉冲　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：航空发动机是衡量一个国家动力研发、制造水平的关键领域,是大国实力的重要标志。航空发动机的叶片主要有风扇叶片、压气机叶片、涡轮叶片三大部分。其中涡轮叶片处于温度高,应力复杂,环境恶劣的部位。它的需求数量多,形状复杂,精度要求极高。金刚石滚轮是加工航空发动机叶片不可或缺的工具,本文根据工厂的生产能力,制定了金刚石滚轮的机械加工工艺路线,细化了每一道工序的制造标准,优化了电镀工艺参数,并为加工过程中的瓶颈问题提出解决方案。通过机械加工试验,从加工原料选择、加工路线优化、检验方法等方面,制定样板刀、阴模、芯轴等组件的设计要点及工艺加工路线,形成标准化文件。通过电镀对比实验,优化了槽液成分,研究了最佳电镀参数:当氯化钠含量为15g/L,硫酸镍含量为250g/L时,镀层组织均匀致密,镀层的应力值最小;添加剂可以提高了镀层的整体硬度,降低镀层应力,当1,4—丁炔二醇含量为0.02g/L,糖精含量为0.08g/L时镀层的应力值最小。相比直流电镀,脉冲电镀镀层晶粒尺寸细小,组织均匀,应力值低、硬度高;当脉冲占空比为60%,脉冲频率为900Hz,电流密度在2.5A/dm2时获得最佳的镀层性能。实验还发现镀层的应力在一定范围内随着占空比、频率、电流密度的增大而减小。通过采用刀具测量仪对金刚石滚轮型面的精度进行检测,这种测量仪的主要特点是高精度非接触式测量,针对不同的金刚石滚轮结构特点,设计转换轴,来固定安装金刚石滚轮。基本实现了对金刚石滚轮型面尺寸的检验过程。通过将传统的阳极悬挂方式改变成内腔柱状阳极,并调整槽液成分,解决了金刚石滚轮电镀过程中存在的易产生多余镍瘤这一“瓶颈”问题,节约了生产成本,提高了金刚石滚轮的加工效率和产品质量。
[Abstract]:Aeroengine is a key area to measure the level of power R & D and manufacturing in a country and an important symbol of great power. The blades of aeroengine are mainly fan blades and compressor blades. There are three parts of turbine blades. Among them, turbine blades are located in parts with high temperature, complex stress and bad environment. They have many demands, complex shapes and high precision. Diamond rollers are indispensable tools for processing aero-engine blades. In this paper, according to the production capacity of the factory, the machining process route of diamond roller is worked out, the manufacturing standard of each working procedure is refined, and the electroplating process parameters are optimized. And put forward the solution to the bottleneck problem in the process of machining. Through the mechanical processing test, from the aspects of material selection, process route optimization, inspection method and so on, we make the template knife, die, etc. The key points of design and process of core shaft and other components are designed and processed to form a standardized document. The composition of bath solution is optimized by electroplating contrast experiment, and the optimum electroplating parameters are studied: when the content of sodium chloride is 15g / L, the content of nickel sulfate is 250g / L, The structure of the coating is uniform and compact, and the stress value of the coating is the smallest. The additive can increase the overall hardness of the coating and reduce the stress of the coating. When the content of 1-butynediol is 0.02g / L and the saccharin content is 0.08g / L, the stress value of the coating is the least. Pulse electroplating coating has fine grain size, uniform structure, low stress value and high hardness. When the pulse duty cycle is 60, the pulse frequency is 900Hz, and the current density is 2.5 A / dm2, the optimum coating performance is obtained. With the increase of current density, the accuracy of diamond roller surface is measured by tool measuring instrument. The main characteristic of this instrument is high precision non-contact measurement, aiming at different diamond roller structure characteristics. The transfer shaft is designed to fix and install diamond rollers. The inspection process of diamond roller surface size is basically realized. By changing the traditional anode suspension mode to inner cavity cylindrical anode, and adjusting the liquid composition of the tank, The problem of "bottleneck" in the electroplating process of diamond rollers is solved, and the production cost is saved and the processing efficiency and product quality of diamond rollers are improved.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V263

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