基于多源数据融合的4D航迹规划技术研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 00:09

本文关键词： 4D航迹预测飞行剖面改进K均值算法无冲突航迹规划 World Wind　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球航空业的飞速发展,空域资源紧缺与交通流堵塞现象已日趋显现。为能有效地实施对高密度、小间隔、大流量条件下的空域管理,将无冲突4D航迹预测与规划作为国内新一代空管自动化系统最核心的一项技术。因此,本文针对该项核心技术,提出了基于多源数据融合的4D航迹预测与规划算法,为管制员提前预知航空器动向并及时处理航空器冲突提供必要的依据。该算法主要针对初始标称飞行剖面的生成、通过融合空速拟合与航路气象修正模型提高航迹精度以及多航空器无冲突航迹规划展开了一系列的研究。首先,为有效提高标称飞行剖面的精度,提出一种混合改进K均值和BADA模型的飞行剖面生成方法。其中,根据航迹数据的特点及传统K均值的缺陷,提出SWED算法来度量高度剖面间的相似性;为获得更精确的标称速度剖面,通过速度三角关系将地速和IDW插值航路风转换成真空速,再结合BADA模型得到以转换高度为分界点的不同阶段的校正空速/真空速剖面。其次,针对如何提高4D航迹预测精度问题,考虑了空速曲线拟合与航路气象修正模型,提出了基于连续自动分段最小二乘法的空速拟合算法和基于Gressman插值的预报GRIB修正算法。一方面,通过空速曲线拟合算法,实现了航迹中任意点的状态信息可知;另一方面,通过融合GRIB和AMDAR气象数据,提升了航路气象预报的精度。接着,针对预测的4D航迹间存在的飞行冲突问题,给出了一种多航空器无冲突的4D航迹规划方法,通过4D网格和几何模型算法实施飞行冲突探测,再针对冲突航迹运用动态分组策略,进行初始放行时刻调整的无冲突4D航迹规划,提前降低潜在飞行冲突率,减轻管制员的工作负荷。最终,运用World Wind搭建了多航空器无冲突4D航迹推测系统的仿真验证平台,总结并展示了本文的研究内容和成果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the global aviation industry, the shortage of airspace resources and traffic congestion have become increasingly apparent. In order to effectively implement the airspace management under the condition of high density, small interval and large flow, The conflict-free 4D track prediction and planning is regarded as one of the most important technologies in the new generation automatic air traffic control system in China. Therefore, a 4D track prediction and planning algorithm based on multi-source data fusion is proposed in this paper. It provides the necessary basis for the controller to predict the movement of the aircraft in advance and to deal with the collision of the aircraft in time. The algorithm is mainly aimed at the generation of initial nominal flight profiles. A series of studies have been carried out to improve track accuracy by combining airspeed fitting with route weather correction model and non-conflict track planning for multi-aircraft. Firstly, in order to effectively improve the accuracy of nominal flight profile, A flight profile generation method based on improved K-means and BADA models is proposed. According to the characteristics of track data and the defects of traditional K-means, a SWED algorithm is proposed to measure the similarity between altitude profiles. In order to obtain a more accurate nominal velocity profile, the ground velocity and IDW interpolation wind are converted into vacuum velocity by means of the velocity triangle relationship, and the corrected airspeed / vacuum velocity profiles at different stages with the converted height as the boundary point are obtained by combining the BADA model. Secondly, In order to improve the accuracy of 4D track prediction, the space velocity curve fitting and route weather correction model are considered, and the space velocity fitting algorithm based on continuous automatic piecewise least square method and the prediction GRIB correction algorithm based on Gressman interpolation are proposed. By using the space-velocity curve fitting algorithm, the state information of any point in the track is realized. On the other hand, by combining the GRIB and AMDAR meteorological data, the accuracy of the route weather forecast is improved. In order to solve the problem of flight conflict between predicted 4D tracks, a 4D path planning method without collision for multi-aircraft is presented. The 4D mesh and geometric model algorithm are used to detect the flight conflict, and then dynamic grouping strategy is applied to the collision track. In order to reduce the potential flight collision rate in advance and lighten the workload of the controller, the collision free 4D track planning with the initial release time adjustment is carried out. Finally, the simulation verification platform of the multi-aircraft conflict-free 4D track prediction system is built by using World Wind. The research contents and achievements of this paper are summarized and displayed.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V355

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