基于FPGA的多总线接口适配技术研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 19:15

本文选题：AFDX + RS-422　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统航空数据总线由于传输电缆重量重、传输速度不高、造价昂贵等缺点已经无法满足新型飞机的需求,因此ARINC664规范提出了一种新型航空数据网络标准,即航空电子全双工交换式以太网(AFDX)。但是,由于目前飞机上仍然存在许多使用RS-422和CAN总线的机载设备,如何将这些机载设备接入AFDX主干网络,完成与AFDX主干网络的交互,是目前研究AFDX总线的一个重要问题。本文在研究了RS-422、CAN和AFDX总线协议的基础上,研制了一种基于FPGA的多总线接口适配单元,其主要用于解决飞机上使用RS-422和CAN总线的机载设备与AFDX主干网络交互的问题,完成了RS-422/CAN与AFDX协议信号之间的双向转换。在多总线接口适配单元的硬件设计中,本文选用Xilinx公司的Spartan 6作为核心芯片,并选用LXT973、CTM8251LAT和MAX3283/MAX3295作为AFDX、CAN和RS-422的物理层芯片,完成三者与核心芯片FPGA之间的信息交换任务。同时,使用硬件语言完成了CAN总线控制器IP核的设计,实现了CAN与AFDX总线协议信号交换任务中CAN总线的控制与解析。在软件设计中,本文在FPGA内部搭载了MicroBlaze处理器,选用AXI总线作为外部设备的接口总线,并使用Xilkernel操作系统作为软件处理平台,详细阐述了多总线接口适配单元软件系统的搭建、驱动程序和信号转换主程序的设计。本文设计的多总线接口适配单元结合硬件和软件完成了AFDX总线从应用层至物理层的基本协议任务,并实现了RS-422/CAN与AFDX总线之间的协议信号转换。最后,通过实验对多总线接口适配单元的功能进行了测试,证明了其可行性。
[Abstract]:Because of the heavy weight of transmission cable, low transmission speed and expensive cost, the traditional aeronautical data bus can no longer meet the requirements of new aircraft, so ARINC664 proposes a new aeronautical data network standard. Avionics full Duplex switched Ethernet (AFDX). However, there are still many airborne equipments using RS-422 and can bus on the aircraft at present. How to connect these airborne equipments into the AFDX backbone network and complete the interaction with the AFDX backbone network is an important problem in the research of AFDX bus. Based on the research of RS-422 can and AFDX bus protocol, a FPGA based multi-bus interface adaptation unit is developed in this paper, which is mainly used to solve the problem of communication between airborne equipment using RS-422 and can bus and AFDX backbone network. The bidirectional conversion between RS-422 / can and AFDX signal is completed. In the hardware design of multi-bus interface adaptor unit, the Spartan 6 of Xilinx Company is chosen as the core chip, and LXT973C CTM8251LAT and MAX3283 / MAX3295 are selected as the physical layer chips of AFDX can and RS-422 to complete the task of information exchange between them and the core chip FPGA. At the same time, the design of can bus controller IP core is completed by using hardware language, and can bus control and analysis are realized in the task of can and AFDX bus protocol signal exchange. In the software design, this paper carries MicroBlaze processor in FPGA, selects AXI bus as interface bus of external equipment, and uses Xil kernel operating system as software processing platform, and expounds the construction of multi-bus interface adaptation unit software system in detail. Driver and signal conversion main program design. The multi-bus interface adaptor unit designed in this paper combines hardware and software to complete the basic protocol task of AFDX bus from the application layer to the physical layer, and realizes the protocol signal conversion between RS-422% can and AFDX bus. Finally, the function of multi-bus interface adaptor unit is tested by experiment, and the feasibility is proved.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V243

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