形状记忆合金连接分离装置的若干研究
发布时间：2018-09-10 19:39
【摘要】：本文以非火工品在航天器和水下航行器中有效载荷的分离应用为背景，利用形状记忆合金（Shape MemoryAlloy，SMA）的形状记忆效应设计了一种低冲击、低噪声、大承载和快响应的SMA连接分离装置，并通过理论、试验、仿真等研究手段展开工作。主要完成了以下内容： （1）针对国内外几种典型的SMA连接分离装置分离过程进行分析，总结了SMA连接分离装置中SMA的驱动原理。结合SMA本构模型，建立了SMA驱动模型和电热模型，并用MATLAB模拟SMA电加热时间-温度曲线，分析了SMA丝材直径、加热电流及SMA丝的对流传热系数对SMA丝通电加热速度的影响。 （2）通过SMA丝的恢复性能进行测试，包括相变温度、恢复率、最大恢复力及负载响应，分析了预应变、通电电流及恒定负载对SMA丝恢复性能的影响，为SMA丝连接分离装置的设计提供指导。 （3）采用SMA丝和分离螺母结合的方式进行连接分离装置的设计，并通过对SMA丝触发方式的优化，减小SMA丝所需触发力，设计一种可在20kN的预加载荷下，实现200ms内分离的连接分离装置。并通过对分瓣螺母及锁定组件的受力分析，确定了分瓣螺母、驱动弹簧、安全弹簧、释放弹簧及SMA丝的基本性能参数。 (4)采用LS-DYNA有限元分析软件对SMA连接分离装置进行数值仿真，验证了本文提出的SMA连接分离装置设计原理的可行。对于连接该分离装置，在通电电流为8A，预紧力为20kN时，数值模拟得出的其分离时间为87.12ms。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the separation of payloads between spacecraft and underwater vehicle by using the shape memory effect of shape memory alloy (Shape MemoryAlloy,SMA), a low impact, low noise, large load and fast response SMA connection separation device is designed. And through the theoretical, experimental, simulation and other research means to begin the work. The main contents are as follows: (1) the separation process of several typical SMA connection separators at home and abroad is analyzed and the driving principle of SMA in SMA connection separation device is summarized. Combined with the SMA constitutive model, the SMA driving model and the electrothermal model were established, and the SMA wire diameter was analyzed by using MATLAB to simulate the time-temperature curve of SMA electric heating. Effect of heating current and convection heat transfer coefficient of SMA wire on heating speed of SMA wire. (2) the recovery performance of SMA wire is tested, including phase transition temperature, recovery rate, maximum recovery force and load response. The influence of electric current and constant load on the recovery performance of SMA wire provides guidance for the design of SMA wire connection separation device. (3) the connection separation device is designed by the combination of SMA wire and separation nut. By optimizing the trigger mode of SMA wire and reducing the trigger force required by SMA wire, a kind of connection separation device which can be separated in 200ms under the preloading of 20kN is designed. Through the force analysis of the split nut and the locking assembly, the split nut, the drive spring and the safety spring are determined. Release the basic performance parameters of spring and SMA wire. (4) LS-DYNA finite element analysis software is used to simulate the SMA connection separation device, which verifies the feasibility of the design principle of the SMA connection separation device proposed in this paper. When the current is 8A and the preloading force is 20kN, the separation time obtained by numerical simulation is 87.12ms.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V444
本文编号：2235419
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the separation of payloads between spacecraft and underwater vehicle by using the shape memory effect of shape memory alloy (Shape MemoryAlloy,SMA), a low impact, low noise, large load and fast response SMA connection separation device is designed. And through the theoretical, experimental, simulation and other research means to begin the work. The main contents are as follows: (1) the separation process of several typical SMA connection separators at home and abroad is analyzed and the driving principle of SMA in SMA connection separation device is summarized. Combined with the SMA constitutive model, the SMA driving model and the electrothermal model were established, and the SMA wire diameter was analyzed by using MATLAB to simulate the time-temperature curve of SMA electric heating. Effect of heating current and convection heat transfer coefficient of SMA wire on heating speed of SMA wire. (2) the recovery performance of SMA wire is tested, including phase transition temperature, recovery rate, maximum recovery force and load response. The influence of electric current and constant load on the recovery performance of SMA wire provides guidance for the design of SMA wire connection separation device. (3) the connection separation device is designed by the combination of SMA wire and separation nut. By optimizing the trigger mode of SMA wire and reducing the trigger force required by SMA wire, a kind of connection separation device which can be separated in 200ms under the preloading of 20kN is designed. Through the force analysis of the split nut and the locking assembly, the split nut, the drive spring and the safety spring are determined. Release the basic performance parameters of spring and SMA wire. (4) LS-DYNA finite element analysis software is used to simulate the SMA connection separation device, which verifies the feasibility of the design principle of the SMA connection separation device proposed in this paper. When the current is 8A and the preloading force is 20kN, the separation time obtained by numerical simulation is 87.12ms.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V444
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