基于北斗指挥机的数据监控转发系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-10-15 10:37

【摘要】：中国北斗卫星导航系统(Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System,BDS)是中国自行研制的全球卫星导航系统。是继美国全球定位系统(GPS)、俄罗斯格洛纳斯卫星导航系统(GLONASS)之后第三个成熟的卫星导航系统。2012年12月27日,北斗导航业务正式对亚太地区提供无源定位、导航、授时服务。随着时间的推移,使用北斗卫星导航系统的公司、企业逐渐增多,所涉及到了领域包括了交通、航空、海运、快递等等。北斗指挥机作为北斗系统的地面接收系统,也是北斗系统的用户终端,在市场上有多家公司进行生产。但是大多数的产品都是接收数据后采用北斗协议,使用串口进行发送,不具备数据监控以及网络接入能力。本文的选题源自和某通航服务公司合作的实际项目,该项目中需要使用北斗指挥机系统来完成飞机定位数据的采集和接收,并对数据进行显示、存储、转发等二次处理,以便实现飞机实时飞行状态的监控和提供数据服务。在通航应用中,定位数据作为核心数据和支撑数据,其准确性、实时性和稳定性对系统安全高效的运行起着决定性的作用。本文基于北斗指挥机系统构建一个具有一定通用性的实时数据监控和数据转发平台。平台将作为北斗指挥机和通航应用系统及通航数据中心的桥梁,一方面提供北斗指挥机自身以及下属用户的状态和定位数据实时监控;另一方面在指挥机和上层通航应用之间提供数据协议和格式的转换,将指挥机输出的串口数据根据需求通过TCP/IP网络转发到通航数据中心,将上层通航应用向飞机发送的信息转换为北斗指挥机的控制命令通过串口发送给指挥机,指挥机再通过北斗通讯链路传送到各个飞机设备上。本文首先根据软件工程的思想和理论完成了系统的分析工作。绘制了系统的组织结构图,厘清了系统与外部环境的连接和交互关系。抽取和归纳了系统与外部环境之间交互的数据流。使用UML用例图完成了系统的需求分析,画出了系统的顶层用例和各个自用例图,并对其进行了详细说明。最后根据系统的需求和设计实现规则要求,将系统划分为通讯接口、数据接收、数据发送、数据呈现显示和日志数据记录五大功能模块分别进行设计和实现。在设计的过程中从宏观上采用层次化和模块化的思想,在微观上遵循MVC设计模式来指导系统的设计。在实现过程中充分的利用Qt所提供的底层功能库和工厂模式、观察者模式等设计模式,以达到简化开发、提高效率、保证质量的目的。给出了各个功能模块的类图和具有代表性的系统界面,并进行了详细描述。
[Abstract]:China Beidou Satellite Navigation system (Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System,BDS) is a global satellite navigation system developed by China. It is the third mature satellite navigation system after (GPS), Russian (GLONASS). On December 27, 2012, Beidou navigation service officially provided passive positioning, navigation and time service to the Asia-Pacific region. Over time, the number of companies using Beidou Satellite Navigation system has increased, covering areas such as transportation, aviation, shipping, express delivery, and so on. As the ground receiving system of Beidou system, Beidou command aircraft is also the user terminal of Beidou system. But most products adopt Beidou protocol after receiving data and send through serial port without the ability of data monitoring and network access. The topic of this paper comes from the actual project of cooperation with a navigation service company. In this project, we need to use the Beidou command aircraft system to complete the acquisition and reception of aircraft positioning data, and to display, store, forward and other secondary processing of the data. In order to achieve real-time aircraft flight monitoring and provide data services. As the core data and supporting data, the accuracy, real-time and stability of positioning data play a decisive role in the safe and efficient operation of the navigation system. In this paper, a real-time data monitoring and data forwarding platform is constructed based on Beidou Command aircraft system. The platform will serve as a bridge between Beidou command aircraft, navigable application system and navigation data center. On the one hand, it will provide real-time monitoring of the status and positioning data of Beidou command aircraft and its subordinate users. On the other hand, it provides the conversion of data protocol and format between the command plane and the upper navigable application, and forwards the serial port data from the command plane to the navigable data center through TCP/IP network according to the demand. The information sent to the aircraft by the upper layer navigation application is converted into the control command of the Beidou command plane, which is sent to the command plane through the serial port, and the command plane is transmitted to the aircraft equipment through the Beidou communication link. Firstly, according to the thought and theory of software engineering, this paper completes the systematic analysis work. The organization chart of the system is drawn, and the connection and interaction between the system and the external environment are clarified. The data flow between the system and the external environment is extracted and summarized. The UML use case diagram is used to complete the requirement analysis of the system, and the top level use cases and individual use case diagrams of the system are drawn and explained in detail. Finally, according to the requirements of the system and the requirements of the design and implementation rules, the system is divided into five functional modules: communication interface, data receiving, data sending, data presentation display and log data recording. In the process of design, the idea of hierarchy and modularization is adopted from macroscopic view, and the design pattern of MVC is followed to guide the design of the system microscopically. In order to simplify the development, improve the efficiency and ensure the quality, we make full use of the underlying function library, factory pattern, observer pattern and other design patterns provided by Qt in the process of implementation. The class diagram of each function module and the representative system interface are given and described in detail.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V351.37

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