基于工艺特征的航空发动机零件切削数据库系统开发

发布时间：2018-10-23 15:48

【摘要】：航空发动机由机匣、叶片和盘轴类等零件装配组成,这些零件加工精度要求高,但零件结构复杂,且多为难加工材料。编程人员仅凭经验选择数控加工切削用量,难以满足零件加工技术要求,且会导致加工质量和加工效率等难以保证。为研究航空发动机典型工艺特征对最佳切削用量选择的影响,在切削加工过程有限元仿真的基础上,基于航空发动机工艺特征谱系和切削数据库系统的底层数据结构,成功开发了基于工艺特征的航空发动机零件切削数据库系统。首先,对航空发动机工艺特征切削数据库系统进行需求分析,给出“采用有限元仿真预测模型作为切削数据的获取手段,提出与UG CAM模块集成基于工艺特征的切削数据库系统”的解决方案。其次,根据航空发动机典型零件特征的加工方法、刀具类型和走刀路径对工艺特征进行分类,形成航空发动机工艺特征谱系。并以Johnson-Cook本构方程为基础,建立基于Deform 3D仿真软件的切削温度有限元模拟预测模型。通过多元回归分析建立切削温度与工艺特征参数、切削用量和刀具几何参数的关系模型,根据马卡洛夫切削温度恒定定律获得工艺特征底层切削数据,建立航空发动机工艺特征切削数据库系统的底层数据结构。最后,基于航空发动机工艺特征谱系和切削数据库系统的底层数据结构,考虑工艺特征已加工表面粗糙度、机床最高主轴转速和切削力等约束,采用Microsoft Visual Studio 2010软件C++语言的MFC模块开发工艺特征切削数据系统。该系统与UG CAM模块集成,实现航空发动机工艺特征切削数据库系统与UG CAM模块的无缝链接,完成了基于工艺特征的航空发动机零件切削数据库系统的开发。以该系统在轴类零件切削编程过程中的应用为举例,介绍基于工艺特征的航空发动机零件切削数据库系统的应用流程。基于工艺特征的航空发动机零件切削数据库系统可有效解决编程人员仅凭经验选择切削用量,导致切削用量选择不合理,难以满足零件加工技术要求,加工效率低的技术难题。
[Abstract]:The aero-engine is composed of casing, blade and disc shaft. The machining precision of these parts is high, but the structure of the parts is complex, and the machining materials are difficult to be processed. It is difficult for programmers to select NC machining parameters based on experience, which can not meet the technical requirements of parts, and lead to difficult guarantee of machining quality and efficiency. In order to study the influence of typical process characteristics of aero-engine on the selection of optimum cutting parameters, based on the finite element simulation of cutting process, the underlying data structure of aero-engine process characteristic spectrum and cutting database system is presented. An aero-engine part cutting database system based on process features has been developed successfully. First of all, the requirement analysis of the aero-engine process feature cutting database system is carried out, and the finite element simulation prediction model is used as the means to obtain the cutting data. The solution of integrating cutting database system based on process feature with UG CAM module is put forward. Secondly, according to the machining method of typical parts of aero-engine, the cutting tool type and the path of the cutting tool, the process features are classified to form the spectrum of aero-engine process characteristics. Based on the Johnson-Cook constitutive equation, a finite element simulation and prediction model of cutting temperature based on Deform 3D simulation software is established. The relationship model between cutting temperature and process parameters, cutting parameters and cutting tool geometry parameters is established by multivariate regression analysis. The underlying cutting data of process characteristics are obtained according to Makarov's law of constant cutting temperature. The underlying data structure of the aero-engine process feature cutting database system is established. Finally, based on the underlying data structure of the aero-engine process characteristic spectrum and the cutting database system, the constraints of the machined surface roughness, the maximum spindle speed and the cutting force are considered. The process feature cutting data system is developed by using MFC module of Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 software C language. The system is integrated with UG CAM module to realize the seamless link between the aero-engine process feature cutting database system and the UG CAM module, and the development of the aero-engine parts cutting database system based on the process feature is completed. Taking the application of this system in the cutting programming process of shaft parts as an example, this paper introduces the application flow of the aero-engine parts cutting database system based on the process characteristics. The cutting database system of aero-engine parts based on process characteristics can effectively solve the technical problem that the programmer chooses cutting parameters only by experience, which leads to unreasonable selection of cutting parameters, which is difficult to meet the technical requirements of parts processing and low machining efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V263

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