通用航空机载电池管理系统的研究

发布时间：2018-11-10 22:17

【摘要】：近些年来,由于环境污染加剧并且还伴随着能源日渐匮乏,人们希望能早日找到一种新的能源来进行替代,而电池因其作为供电源时拥有的诸多优点成为了人们争相研究的对象。目前,电池在各方面已经有了较大的发展,在很多领域得到了广泛地应用。但是,当多块电池共同使用组成电池组时就会遇到很多应用性的问题,因此需要对其进行控制和必要的管理。电池在飞机上应用中最重要的指标是使用的安全性,重量也是非常敏感的一个参数。在保证电池系统安全性的同时,必须选用高能量密度高倍率性能的锂动力电池。本文着重讲述的是以通用航空机的动力源磷酸铁锂电池为研究对象的电池管理系统(BMS)的设计。目前通用航空机载电池的管理系统存在多方面的缺点,它们多是电路的结构太过复杂、重量过大、数据采集不够精确、剩余荷电状态(soc)估算误差太大以及功耗过大等方面,严重制约了电池在通用航空机上的使用。基于此种现象本文提出了一种新的通用航空机用的电池管理系统。本系统实现对多节单体电池电压、电池组总电压、总电流以及温度等的数据采集,并进行算法的处理与结果的显示。在硬件方面以Spartan系列的C6SXLX16-2CSG324FPGA作为主控芯片通过SPI总线协议与凌力尔特公司的LTC6804电池监视芯片通信进行数据传输,多块LTC6804芯片之间可通过isoSPI总线通信,实现对更多块电池的监视,减少电路分布,并且提高采集精度。在软件方面对soc估算采用扩展卡尔曼滤波算法(EKF),并对其进行改进使得估算精度控制在4%以内,增加了系统的可靠性。本文设计的BMS电路简单可靠、重量较轻,soc估算精确度较高,适宜在通用航空机上使用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the worsening of environmental pollution and the increasing lack of energy, people hope to find a new energy source to replace it as soon as possible. Because of its many advantages as a power supply battery has become the object of contention. At present, the battery has made great progress in various fields, and has been widely used in many fields. However, when multiple cells are used together to form a battery pack, there will be a lot of application problems, so it needs to be controlled and managed. The most important indicator of battery application in aircraft is the safety of use, weight is a very sensitive parameter. In order to ensure the safety of the battery system, the lithium power battery with high energy density and high rate performance must be selected. This paper focuses on the design of the battery management system (BMS), which takes the power source of general aviation aircraft, lithium iron phosphate battery, as the research object. At present, there are many shortcomings in the management system of general aviation airborne battery, such as the structure of the circuit is too complex, the weight is too large, the data acquisition is not accurate enough, the (soc) estimation error of residual charge state is too large and the power consumption is too large. The use of batteries on general purpose aircraft is seriously restricted. Based on this phenomenon, this paper presents a new battery management system for general aviation aircraft. The system realizes the data acquisition of the multi-cell voltage, the total battery voltage, the total current and the temperature, and carries on the algorithm processing and the result display. In the aspect of hardware, the C6SXLX16-2CSG324FPGA of Spartan series is used as the main control chip to communicate with the LTC6804 battery monitor chip of Lingliert Company through SPI bus protocol, and many LTC6804 chips can communicate through isoSPI bus. Monitor more batteries, reduce circuit distribution, and improve acquisition accuracy. In the aspect of software, the extended Kalman filter (EKF),) algorithm is adopted to estimate soc, and the estimation accuracy is controlled within 4%, which increases the reliability of the system. The BMS circuit designed in this paper is simple and reliable, light in weight, high in accuracy of soc estimation, and suitable for use on general purpose aircraft.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V242.2

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