基于虚拟现实技术的航空发动机机械故障诊断研究

发布时间：2019-01-08 16:33

【摘要】：伴随航空航天科学技术的飞速发展,航空发动机的运行安全及可靠性被人们广泛关注。作为飞机的“核心动力”,航空发动机性能的好坏直接关系着飞机的飞行性能、可靠性以及乘客人身的安全性。虚拟现实技术可以有效降低产品的研制开发成本,近年来广泛应用于各大制造行业。为了保障航空发动机的可靠性,确保其安全运行,减少其维护成本,论文在国家自然科学基金项目“基于虚拟现实技术的复杂机电系统故障预报与最优维护研究”的支持下,基于虚拟现实技术对航空发动机机械故障的诊断问题开展了研究。首先,研究了航空发动机的机械系统故障机理,对机械系统中传动系统、滑油系统、密封系统和主轴轴承分别进行了故障机理及常见故障类型和原因的分析和研究,探究航空发动机可能存在的故障及易发生故障的部位。利用虚拟现实技术建立了航空发动机的参数化模型,为模拟航空发动机运行及故障再现提供了基础。其次,在虚拟环境中对建立的虚拟模型进行了边界条件的确定以及约束的添加,模拟航空发动机真实的工作过程,研究航空发动机机械故障再现方法,应用虚拟现实平台EON Studio与LS-DYNA相结合的方法,将机械故障在虚拟现实平台实现了再现,通过虚拟再现方式确定故障部位。最后,根据先验知识和历史信息,基于证据推理算法的置信规则库方法建立了航空发动机故障诊断模型,以航空发动机风扇受外物撞击产生故障为例进行,故障诊断实例分析。仿真实验与实例验证了建立的故障诊断模型,和基于虚拟现实技术与航空发动机机械故障诊断方法结合的方法的正确性,对航空发动机机械故障诊断提供了参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of aerospace science and technology, the safety and reliability of aero-engine have been paid more and more attention. As the core power of aircraft, the performance of aeroengine is directly related to the flight performance, reliability and safety of passengers. Virtual reality technology can effectively reduce the cost of product research and development, and has been widely used in various manufacturing industries in recent years. In order to ensure the reliability of aero-engine, ensure its safe operation and reduce its maintenance cost, this paper is supported by the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China "Research on Fault Prediction and optimal maintenance of complex Electromechanical system based on Virtual reality Technology". Based on virtual reality technology, the problem of aero-engine mechanical fault diagnosis is studied. Firstly, the failure mechanism of mechanical system of aero-engine is studied, and the fault mechanism, common fault types and causes of transmission system, lubricating oil system, sealing system and spindle bearing in mechanical system are analyzed and studied respectively. Explore the possible malfunctions of aero-engines and the locations where they are likely to occur. The parameterized model of aero-engine is established by using virtual reality technology, which provides the foundation for simulation of aero-engine operation and fault reappearance. Secondly, in the virtual environment, the boundary conditions and constraints are determined, and the real working process of aero-engine is simulated, and the method of aero-engine mechanical fault reconstruction is studied. Using the method of combining virtual reality platform EON Studio and LS-DYNA, the mechanical fault is reproduced in virtual reality platform, and the fault location is determined by virtual reproducing method. Finally, according to the prior knowledge and historical information, a confidence rule base method based on evidential reasoning algorithm is established. The fault diagnosis model of aero-engine fan caused by external object impact is taken as an example, and the fault diagnosis example is analyzed. Simulation experiments and examples verify the correctness of the established fault diagnosis model and the combination of virtual reality technology and aero-engine mechanical fault diagnosis method, which provides a reference for aero-engine mechanical fault diagnosis.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V263.6

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