飞机多层铆接结构脉冲涡流检测传感器的设计与参数优化研究

发布时间：2019-04-27 09:17

【摘要】：飞机多层铆接结构是机身的重要组成部分,由于其结构的复杂性,其内部隐藏缺陷检测一直是无损检测领域的一个难点和热点问题。脉冲涡流检测技术能够有效地检测这类缺陷。作为一种新的无损检测方法,脉冲涡流以一定占空比的方波为激励信号,它具有频谱宽、检测精度高、检测效率高等优点。本文研究飞机多层铆接结构中机身层间裂纹、铆钉周围裂纹、层间腐蚀的脉冲涡流检测,主要工作在于飞机多层铆接结构脉冲涡流检测传感器的设计与参数优化研究。在传统圆柱形探头设计基础上,采用了新型软磁材料非晶态合金,并与铁氧体进行对比研究。结果表明,非晶合金探头检测灵敏度要高于铁氧体探头。针对铆钉周围裂纹检测设计了一种旋转式探头,实验证明该种探头具有一定的检测能力。设计和优化了一种双激励线圈结构传感器,用于铆钉孔周围裂纹的检测。双激励线圈反向联接,激励电流不至于过大,但磁场却能达到局部聚焦的作用。通过大量实验对该传感器参数进行优化设计,以提高传感器的检测灵敏度。实验结果表明:当激励线圈绕制180匝、两线圈间距取20~30mm、线圈与水平夹角为60~90°、且TMR位于裂纹正上方时传感器的检测灵敏度最大。设计了八通道阵列探头,对多层结构内部缺陷进行扫描检测,八个TMR阵列采用前后两排交错排列的形式,通过大量实验对各TMR芯片具体摆放尺寸进行定量研究。通过提取各通道差分信号幅值作为特征矩阵,对检测结果进行彩色成像,实现C扫描成像检测。论文最后总结了工作内容,并对今后工作做了提出了建议。
[Abstract]:Aircraft multi-layer riveting structure is an important part of fuselage, because of the complexity of its structure, the detection of hidden defects is always a difficult and hot issue in the field of nondestructive testing. Pulsed eddy current testing technology can effectively detect this kind of defects. As a new nondestructive testing method, pulse eddy current is excited by square wave with a certain duty cycle. It has the advantages of wide spectrum, high detection precision and high detection efficiency. In this paper, the pulsed eddy current detection of interlaminar cracks, cracks around rivets and interlaminar corrosion in aircraft multi-layer riveting structures is studied. The main work is the design and parameter optimization of pulsed eddy current detection sensors for aircraft multi-layer riveted structures. Based on the design of traditional cylindrical probe, a new soft magnetic material amorphous alloy was adopted and compared with ferrite. The results show that the detection sensitivity of amorphous alloy probe is higher than that of ferrite probe. A rotary probe is designed for the detection of cracks around rivets. The experimental results show that the probe has a certain detection ability. A double excitation coil sensor is designed and optimized for the detection of cracks around rivet holes. The double excitation coil is reverse connected, the excitation current is not too large, but the magnetic field can achieve the effect of local focus. In order to improve the sensitivity of the sensor, the parameters of the sensor are optimized by a large number of experiments. The experimental results show that the sensor has the highest detection sensitivity when the coil is wound 180 turns, the distance between the two coils is 20? 30 mm, the angle between the coil and the horizontal coil is 60? 90 掳, and the TMR is located directly above the crack. An eight-channel array probe was designed to scan and detect the internal defects of multi-layer structure. Eight TMR arrays were arranged in the form of front and back two rows interlaced. The size of each TMR chip was quantitatively studied by a large number of experiments. By extracting the amplitude of each channel differential signal as the characteristic matrix, the color imaging of the detection results is carried out, and the C-scan imaging detection is realized. Finally, the paper summarizes the contents of the work and puts forward some suggestions for the future work.
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V267

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