无锡市细颗粒物理化特征和来源解析研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 03:29

本文关键词：无锡市细颗粒物理化特征和来源解析研究　出处：《南京大学学报(自然科学)》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：研究在无锡市两个站点进行细颗粒物采样,获得了不同季节代表月份(2014年4、7、10、12月)和重污染天气条件下(2015年1月)PM2.1的质量、化学元素、水溶性离子以及碳组分的浓度并进行分析,结合化学质量平衡模型(CMB model)计算了无锡市全年以及重污染天气下不同排放源对细颗粒物的贡献,结合排放清单对二次气溶胶进行再解析,得到最终的排放源贡献结果.无锡全年平均PM2.1浓度为68.6μg·m~(-3),崇宁站浓度(71.9μg·m~(-3))高于旺庄站浓度(65.3μg·m~(-3)),冬季浓度高于其它季节,平均可达85.7μg·m~(-3),重污染天气浓度为122.8μg·m~(-3),明显高于全年平均水平.细颗粒物中最主要的化学成分是二次无机盐离子(36.4%)和碳组分(29.1%),重污染情况下有机碳成分明显升高,可以达到38.4%,表明二次有机气溶胶的转化生成和积累老化是细颗粒物浓度升高的主要原因.利用CMB模型解析得到无锡全年PM2.1来源贡献比例,各类排放源贡献依次是二次硝酸盐(26.4%)、二次硫酸盐(22.6%)、二次有机气溶胶(7.8%)、电厂燃煤(7.3%)、土壤扬尘(6.5%)、柴油车尾气(6.4%)、汽油车尾气(4.1%)、秸秆焚烧(3.4%)、建筑扬尘(3.3%)、城市扬尘(2.5%)、海盐气溶胶(2.2%)、餐饮油烟(1.1%)、钢铁冶炼(1.0%),可以看出无锡市细颗粒物排放贡献主要来自于二次气溶胶的转化生成、汽车尾气和扬尘类的贡献.基于本地排放清单进行二次来源解析,得到无锡全年各类排放源贡献依次为电厂燃煤(30.68%)、钢铁冶炼(13.92%)、其它工业(10.48%)、秸秆焚烧(3.49%)、汽油机动车尾气(6.50%)、柴油机动车尾气(8.80%)、船舶(0.44%)、建筑机械(0.66%)、民航飞机(0.03%)、建筑扬尘(3.3%)、土壤扬尘(6.5%)、城市扬尘(2.5%)、餐饮油烟(1.1%)、海盐(2.2%)、其它来源(9.40%),结合二次解析计算,可以看出无锡市细颗粒物排放贡献主要来自于电厂燃煤、工业冶炼、汽车尾气,因此应该加强对燃煤和工业生产活动的管控,控制机动车尾气排放,大力发展清洁能源.
[Abstract]:In this study, samples of fine particles were collected from two stations in Wuxi city, and the representative months of different seasons were obtained (2014, 4 / 7 / 10). Concentrations of mass, chemical elements, water-soluble ions, and carbon components of PM2.1 were analyzed under heavily polluted weather conditions (January 2015). Combined with the chemical mass balance model (CMB model), the contribution of different emission sources to fine particulate matter was calculated in Wuxi city throughout the year and in heavy polluted weather, and the secondary aerosol was reanalyzed in combination with emission inventory. The results of final emission source contribution were obtained. The annual average PM2.1 concentration in Wuxi was 68.6 渭 g 路mG-1 ~ (-3). The concentration in Chongning station (71.9 渭 g 路mG-1) was higher than that in Wangzhuang station (65.3 渭 g 路mG-1), and the concentration in winter was higher than that in other seasons. The average concentration of heavy polluted weather is 122.8 渭 g 路m ~ (-1) ~ (-3). The average concentration is 85.7 渭 g 路m ~ (3) 路m ~ (-1). The main chemical components in fine particles were secondary inorganic salt ion (36.4) and carbon component (29.1%), and the organic carbon component increased obviously under heavy pollution. It can reach 38.4%. The results showed that the conversion and aging of secondary organic aerosols were the main reasons for the increase of fine particulate concentration. The contribution ratio of PM2.1 sources in Wuxi was obtained by CMB model analysis. The contributions of various emission sources are followed by secondary nitrate 26.4m, secondary sulfate 22.6kW, secondary organic aerosol 7.8m, coal-fired power plant 7.3g). Soil dust is 6.5%, diesel vehicle exhaust is 6.4%, gasoline vehicle exhaust is 4.1%, straw burning is 3.4m, building dust is 3.3m, city dust is 2.5%). Sea salt aerosol 2. 2%, cooking oil fume 1. 1 and iron and steel smelting 1. 0. It can be seen that the contribution of fine particulate matter emission in Wuxi mainly comes from the secondary aerosol transformation. Based on the analysis of the local emission inventory, the contribution of various emission sources in Wuxi for the whole year in order of coal burning in power plant is 30.68. In iron and steel smelting, 13.92%, 10.48% in other industries, 3.49% in straw burning, 6.50% in gasoline motor vehicle exhaust, 8.80 in diesel motor vehicle exhaust). Ship 0.44, construction machinery 0.66, civil aviation aircraft 0.03, building dust 3.3, soil dust 6.5, urban dust 2.5). Catering oil fume 1.1m, sea salt 2.2g, other sources 9.40g, combined with the second analytical calculation, we can see that the contribution of fine particulate matter emissions in Wuxi mainly comes from coal-fired power plant. Industrial smelting, automobile exhaust, therefore, should strengthen the control of coal-burning and industrial production activities, control vehicle exhaust emissions, and vigorously develop clean energy.
【作者单位】：无锡市环境监测中心站;南京大学大气科学学院;江南大学环境与土木工程学院;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0208504,2016YFC0203303) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2014CB441203)
【分类号】：X513
【正文快照】： teristics of concentrations and chemical compositions were analyzed.A chemical mass balance(CMB)model was ap-plied to apportion the contribution rate of different sources.The final results of source apportionment for secondaryaerosols were obtained combi

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