改性稻草秸秆—高岭土复合材料的制备及其吸附性能的研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 21:30

  本文关键词：改性稻草秸秆—高岭土复合材料的制备及其吸附性能的研究　出处：《福建师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 稻草秸秆 高岭土 铜离子 亚甲基蓝 吸附性能

【摘要】：我国的农业每年可生产大量的秸秆,但其利用率极低,大多将其直接焚烧或闲置在农田。不仅未能对可再生农业废弃物资源进行合理的循环利用,而且还对生态环境造成了严重的威胁。因此,以秸秆为原料来制备新型、高效、低成本的水处理剂；可以实现资源的回收利用,达到“变废为宝”的目的。本文以稻草秸秆为原料,对其进行碱化、醚化改性处理,并与高岭土进行热插层复合,成功制备出性能稳定,环境友好,成本低廉的新型水处理材料。研究其对Cu2+及亚甲基蓝(MB)废水的处理能力,结果显示改性秸秆-高岭土新型水处理材料是一种优质的高效吸附剂,有望在含重金属、染料废水领域得到广泛地应用。研究内容如下：(1)采用氢氧化钠对天然稻草秸秆进行碱化改性处理,并将碱化改性秸秆与高岭土进行热插层复合,制得复合水处理材料(A)。实验结果显示：当碱化改性秸秆：高岭土=1:4, d=4g/L, pH=5.0, T=25℃, CCu2+=100mg/L, t=1h的条件下,碱化改性秸秆-高岭土复合水处理材料对铜离子的吸附率高达90%。经拟合后发现,复合水处理材料的吸附行为符合Langmuir模型和伪二级反应动力学方程。碱化改性秸秆-高岭土复合水处理材料的平衡吸附量约为60mg/g。(2)采用一氯乙酸、氢氧化钠对天然稻草秸秆进行羧甲基改性处理,并将羧甲基改性秸秆与高岭土进行热插层复合,制得复合水处理材料(B)。实验结果显示：当羧甲基改性秸秆：高岭土=2:1, d=5g/L, pH=5.0, T=25℃, CCu2+=150mg/L, t=1h的条件下,羧甲基改性秸秆-高岭土复合水处理材料对铜离子的吸附率高达99%。经拟合后发现,复合水处理材料的吸附行为符合Langmuir模型和伪二级反应动力学方程。羧甲基改性秸秆-高岭土复合水处理材料的平衡吸附量约为243mg/g。(3)采用3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵、氢氧化钠对天然稻草秸秆进行季铵化改性处理,并将季铵化改性秸秆与高岭土进行热插层复合,制得复合水处理材料(C)。实验结果显示：当季铵化改性秸秆：高岭土=1:2, d=2g/L, pH=7.0, T=25℃, CMB=50mg/L, t=1h的条件下,季铵化改性秸秆-高岭土复合水处理材料对亚甲基蓝(MB)的吸附率高达90%。经拟合后发现,复合水处理材料的吸附行为符合Langmuir模型和伪二级反应动力学方程。季铵化改性秸秆-高岭土复合水处理材料的平衡吸附量约为60mg/g。
[Abstract]:China's agriculture can produce a large number of straw every year, but its utilization rate is very low, most of them are burned directly or idle in farmland. It also poses a serious threat to the ecological environment. Therefore, straw is used as raw material to prepare new, efficient and low-cost water treatment agent. In this paper, straw straw is used as raw material, it is alkalized, modified by etherification, and combined with kaolin by hot intercalation. A new type of water treatment material with stable performance, environmental friendliness and low cost was successfully prepared. The treatment capacity of Cu2 and methylene blue MBs wastewater was studied. The results show that the new water treatment material of modified straw and kaolin is a kind of high quality and high efficiency adsorbent, which is expected to contain heavy metals. The research contents are as follows: sodium hydroxide is used to treat natural straw by alkali modification, and the alkali modified straw is intercalated with kaolin by hot intercalation. The composite water treatment material was prepared. The experimental results showed that when the alkalified modified straw was: kaolin 1: 4, dai 4 g / L, pH = 5.0, T = 25 鈩，

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