华北典型污灌区地下水污染特征及防控模拟

发布时间：2018-04-19 17:40

本文选题：污水灌溉 + 水质评价　；参考：《辽宁工程技术大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：对污灌区地下水进行采样,测定地下水中无机组分15项,有机组分22项,好氧类指标2项,细菌指标3项,采用单因子评价法、F值评分法评价典型污灌区的水质；采用单项污染指数法对污灌区内地下水污染情况进行评价。分析结果显示,地下水仍不同程度地被一些组分污染。主要污染组分包括硫酸盐、“三氮”、总硬度、TDS、细菌、大肠杆菌等,其中大肠杆菌超标现象极其严重。利用ARCGIS绘制污染物平面分布柱状图,分析污灌区地下水污染特征,并通过对比污水渠及地下水的历史数据和实际监测数据,分析地下水污染物来源,得出目前地下水污染源应来自三个不同方面：先期污水渠污水灌溉累积效应、前期污水灌溉造成土壤污染的进一步溶滤以及农业施肥等。基于该场地的水文地质条件,建立适宜数值模型,预测三氮、TDS、总硬度、总大肠菌群未来30年在水平及垂向上的分布情况,以及在现有开采、灌溉条件下,分析已经受到污染的上游浅层地下水对深层潜水和下游的影响,在弥散和渗透作用下,在水平及垂向上污染物分布范围扩大,但是未对深层地下水造成污染。对渗透系数、弥散度、吸附系数、降解系数对污染物垂向运移的影响进行敏感分析,对抽水层位、抽水量、抽水位置、有无天窗及天窗位置对污染物垂向运移的影响程度做情景分析,判定主控因素,并据此提出污灌区地下水污染调控方案。
[Abstract]:The groundwater samples were collected from sewage irrigation area, and the water quality of typical sewage irrigation area was evaluated by single factor evaluation method and F value scoring method, including 15 items of no component, 22 items of organic component, 2 items of aerobic index and 3 items of bacterial index.The single pollution index method was used to evaluate the groundwater pollution in sewage irrigation area.The results show that groundwater is still polluted by some components in varying degrees.The main contaminants include sulfate, triazo, total hardness TDS, bacteria, Escherichia coli and so on, among which the phenomenon of Escherichia coli exceeding the standard is extremely serious.The pollution characteristics of groundwater in sewage irrigation area are analyzed by drawing the plane distribution histogram of pollutants by ARCGIS, and the sources of groundwater pollutants are analyzed by comparing the historical data of sewage canal and groundwater and the actual monitoring data.It is concluded that the current groundwater pollution sources should come from three different aspects: the accumulative effect of pre-sewage sewage irrigation, the further leaching and filtration of soil pollution caused by pre-stage sewage irrigation, and the application of fertilizer in agriculture and so on.Based on the hydrogeological conditions of the site, an appropriate numerical model was established to predict the distribution of TDs, total hardness, total coliform bacteria in the next 30 years, and under the existing mining and irrigation conditions.The influence of the polluted upstream shallow groundwater on the deep groundwater and the lower reaches is analyzed. Under the action of dispersion and permeation, the distribution range of the pollutants in the horizontal and vertical direction is enlarged, but no pollution is caused to the deep groundwater.The effects of permeability coefficient, dispersion degree, adsorption coefficient and degradation coefficient on vertical transport of pollutants are analyzed sensitively.The influence of skylight and skylight position on the vertical transport of pollutants was analyzed, the main controlling factors were determined, and the control scheme of groundwater pollution in sewage irrigation area was put forward.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X523

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