溢油分散剂中吐温80对石油中多环芳烃在海水中光降解的影响

发布时间：2018-04-21 21:00

本文选题：溢油分散剂 + 表面活性剂　；参考：《生态毒理学报》2016年06期

【摘要】：溢油事故发生后喷洒溢油分散剂是常用的应急措施之一,这使得溢油分散剂中的表面活性剂与石油中的重要污染物多环芳烃(PAHs)在海水中共存。光化学转化是水中PAHs的重要转化途径,这些共存表面活性剂如何影响PAHs在海水中的光化学消减还有待阐明。本研究选取溢油分散剂的重要活性成分吐温80和石油中2种不同类型的PAHs(菲和二苯并噻吩),通过光化学实验考察不同浓度吐温80对菲(PHE)和二苯并噻吩(DBT)在海水中的光降解速率常数和光解量子产率的影响,并通过量子化学计算的手段研究其影响机制。研究发现:吐温80可以使PHE和DBT的阳离子自由基回到稳定的基态,降低PHE和DBT的光解量子产率,从而抑制PHE和DBT的光降解。该结果表明,在评价溢油分散剂的风险性时不可忽视其对PAHs环境转化行为的影响。
[Abstract]:Spraying oil spill dispersant after oil spill accident is one of the commonly used emergency measures, which makes surfactant in oil spill dispersant coexist with PAHs, an important pollutant in oil. Photochemical transformation is an important transformation pathway of PAHs in water. How these coexisting surfactants affect photochemical reduction of PAHs in seawater remains to be clarified. In this study, two kinds of PAHs (phenanthrene and dibenzothiophene) (phenanthrene and dibenzothiophene) and dibenzothiophene (DBT), an important active component of oil spill dispersant, were selected to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Tween 80 and dibenzothiophene (DBT) in seawater by photochemical experiments. The influence of the photodegradation rate constant and the quantum yield of photolysis, The mechanism of its influence is studied by means of quantum chemical calculation. It is found that Tween 80 can make the cationic free radicals of PHE and DBT return to stable ground state, decrease the photolysis quantum yield of PHE and DBT, and thus inhibit the photodegradation of PHE and DBT. The results show that the influence of oil spill dispersant on the environmental transformation behavior of PAHs should not be ignored in evaluating the risk of oil spill dispersant.
【作者单位】：大连理工大学化工学院;工业生态与环境工程教育部重点实验室大连理工大学环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(21207013) 大学生创新训练计划项目(201410141354)
【分类号】：X55

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