耐低温反硝化菌剂研制及其处理生活污水研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 09:49

  本文选题：低温 + 反硝化菌剂　； 参考：《四川师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前水体中的氮素污染已经成为我国环境保护面临的一个重要问题。高效经济稳定的脱氮处理技术及其基础应用研究非常重要。相对于理化法,生物脱氮具有更高的经济效益,是目前应用最广的技术。温度对反硝化的影响非常大,我国北方地区冬季气候寒冷,造成该地区冬季污水处理厂脱氮处理效果不理想。本研究以实验室已存的三株耐冷反硝化菌LTD-03,LTD-05,LTD-16为研究对象,根据三株菌的脱氮特性,研制耐低温反硝化菌剂,考察菌剂的生长特性及低温脱氮特性。将菌剂用于生活污水的脱氮处理,探讨处理时的环境条件及处理效果。考察三株耐冷反硝化菌的脱氮特性发现,三株菌的硝氮和总氮去除率LTD-03LTD-16LTD-05;三株菌的亚硝氮积累量LTD-03LTD-16LTD-05。根据三株菌的这一特性,通过三株菌的混合,研制复合菌剂,复合菌剂比例为(LTD-03):(LTD-05):(LTD-16)=2:1:3时,能够在获得最大硝酸盐氮降解速率的同时积累最少的亚硝酸盐氮,将此复合菌剂标记为菌剂CM。考察CM的生长特性,菌剂CM生长的最佳C/N为20:1;虽然随着温度的升高,菌剂CM生长越旺盛,但是初始OD600≈0.40时,接种60h后,OD600≈1.21,菌剂的平均生长速率达到0.52d-1,菌剂在10℃也能生长良好。CM生长的最佳p H=8,p H=6仅为p H=8时生长速率的1/10;最佳装液量为400m L,是装液量为100m L时生长速率的1.69倍。菌剂CM的脱氮特性研究表明,在低温5~15℃的范围内,CM能够良好地进行反硝化,虽然脱氮能力随着温度的升高而变强,但是在10℃时接种菌剂CM60h后硝氮去除率可达89.80%;初始硝氮浓度为200mg/L时的硝酸盐降解速率是50mg/L时的2.26倍;氨氮浓度超过20mg/L会严重抑制菌剂的脱氮能力;菌剂脱氮最佳p H为8,相对于p H为6时硝氮提高了63.91%;最佳C/N为20:1,相对于C/N为5:1硝氮去除率提高了32.47%。菌剂CM在10℃条件下处理生活污水的研究表明,脱氮过程中外加碳源是非常有必要的,添加碳源后硝氮去除率是未添加碳源时的4.11倍。生活污水中原有微生物不会对菌剂CM的脱氮能力造成影响。最佳接种量为3%,比接种量为1%时硝氮去除率提高了40.52%。菌剂CM脱氮的最佳p H为8,相对于p H为6时硝氮去除率提高了73.15%。菌剂CM与活性污泥联用能在3h内快速去除生活污水中的硝态氮,去除率达到100%,相对于未添加菌剂时硝氮去除率提高了23.50%,这种效果有利于脱氮系统在10℃条件下的启动。我国北方污水处理厂冬季平均水温一般在10℃左右,菌剂CM能够在10℃条件下快速稳定地去除生活污水中的硝态氮,具有良好的应用前景。项目研究为生活污水的脱氮处理提供了一种新的方法,对我国水污染治理及日益严重的水资源短缺有着重要的意义。
[Abstract]:At present, nitrogen pollution in water has become an important problem in environmental protection in China. It is very important to study the efficient, economical and stable denitrification treatment technology and its basic application. Biological nitrogen removal is the most widely used technology because it has higher economic benefit than physical and chemical method. The effect of temperature on denitrification is very great. The cold winter climate in the northern part of China leads to the unsatisfactory denitrification effect of the wastewater treatment plant in this area in winter. In this study, three strains of cold-tolerant denitrifying bacteria LTD-03N LTD-05LD-16 were used as the research object. According to the denitrification characteristics of three strains of bacteria, the low-temperature denitrification agent was developed, and the growth characteristics and low-temperature denitrification characteristics of the bacteria were investigated. This paper discusses the environmental conditions and treatment effects of domestic wastewater denitrification by using bacteriological agent. The denitrification characteristics of three cold-tolerant denitrifying bacteria were investigated. The results showed that the removal rates of nitrate and total nitrogen were LTD-03LTD-16LTD-05and the accumulation of nitrite was LTD-03LTD-16LTD-05. According to this characteristic of the three strains, through the mixing of the three strains, a compound bacterial agent was developed. When the ratio of the compound agent is LTD-03: 5 / LTD-05: 1: LTD-16: 1: 3, the maximum rate of nitrate nitrogen degradation can be obtained and the least amount of nitrite nitrogen can be accumulated at the same time. The compound bacteria was labeled as CM. The growth characteristics of CM were investigated. The optimum C / N ratio of CM growth was 20: 1. Although the growth of CM increased with the increase of temperature, the initial OD600 鈮，

本文编号：1914145